ʻO Chloramphenicol Sodium Succinatehe pauda hygroscopic keʻokeʻo a melemele-keʻokeʻo.Ua like ka 1.4 g o ka mea monograph me ka 1 g o ka chloramphenicol.
Mālama
Hoʻopaʻa ʻia ʻo Chtoramphenicot i nā mea maʻi me ka mōʻaukala o ka hypersensitivity a i ʻole ka hopena ʻona i ka lāʻau.ʻAʻole pono e hāʻawi ʻia i ka systemicalty no nā maʻi liʻiliʻi a no ka prophylaxis.ʻO ka hoʻohana like ʻana o ka chtoramphenicot me nā lāʻau ʻē aʻe i hiki ke hoʻohaʻahaʻa i ka iwi-ʻaʻai funetion pono e pale ʻia.Pono e hāʻawi ʻia nā pani hoʻemi i nā poʻe maʻi me ka hana o ka ate.Hiki ke hoʻopilikia ʻia ʻo Chloramphemcol i ka ulu ʻana o ka pale ʻana a ʻaʻole pono ia e hāʻawi ʻia i ka wā o ka lāʻau lapaʻau ikaika.
Nā pilina
Hoʻohana ʻia ʻo Chloramphenicol i loko o ke akepaʻa a no laila hiki ke launa pū me nā lāʻau lapaʻau i hoʻololi ʻia e nā enzyme microsomal hepatic.No ka laʻana, hoʻonui ka chloramphenicol i nā hopena o nā anticoagulants coumarm e like me ka dicoumarol a me ka sodium warfarin, kekahi hypoglycemic e like me chlorpropamide a me tolbutamide, a me nā antiepiteptics e like me phenytoin, a hiki ke hoʻemi i ka metabolism o cuctophosphamufe i kona ʻano hana.Hiki ke hoʻonui ʻia ka metabolism o ka chloramphemcol e nā mducers o nā enzyme hepatic e like me phenobarbitone a i ʻole nfampicin.Ua hōʻike ʻia nā hopena kū'ē me ka paracetamol a me ka phenytoin.Hiki i ka Chloramphenicol ke hoʻemi i ka hopena o ka hao a me ka huaora Bi2 i nā maʻi anemic a hōʻemi i ka hana o nā mea hoʻopaʻa waha.
Hana Antimicrobial
Chloramphe.nicol is g bacteriostatic antibiotic me ka laulā o ka hana e kūʻē i nā bacteria Gram-positi-tive a me Gram-negative, a me kekahi mau mea ola ʻē aʻe.
Hoʻohana a me ka hoʻokele
V ʻO ke kuleana o ka chloranphenicol e hoʻonāukiuki i nā hopena pōʻino e hoʻoweliweli i ke ola, ʻo ia hoʻi ka aplasia iwi-mar-row,.ua kaupalena ʻia kona pono lapaʻau, ʻoiai ua hoʻohana nui ʻia ia ma kekahi mau ʻāina.ʻAʻole pono e hoʻohana ʻia, no ka mea, ʻoi aku ka maʻamau o nā maʻi liʻiliʻi a me nā helu koko maʻamau i ka wā mālama.ʻO ke kolu o ka hanauna cephalosporins i kēia manawa no ka nui o nā hōʻailona mua o chlorampheniclo.No laila, liʻiliʻi nā ʻōlelo aʻoaʻo no ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka chloramphenicol.Ua hoʻohana ʻia i ka typhoid koʻikoʻi a me nā maʻi salmonellal ʻē aʻe, ʻoiai ʻaʻole ia e hoʻopau i ka mokuʻāina loaʻa.ʻO Chloramphenicol kahi mea ʻokoʻa i ke kolu o ka hanauna cephalosporin i ka mālama ʻana i ka maʻi maʻi bacterial, ma ka epirically a me ke kū'ē i nā meaola koʻikoʻi e like me Haemophtlus tnfluenzae.Ua hoʻohana ʻia i ka mālama ʻana i nā maʻi anaerobic koʻikoʻi, patricularly i loko o ka lolo abscesses, a me nā maʻi ma lalo o ka diaphragm kahi e pili pinepine ai ʻo Bacteroides fragitis;akā, makemake pinepine ʻia nā lāʻau lapaʻau ʻē aʻe.ʻOiai e mau ana nā tetracyclines i ka mālama ʻana i nā maʻi rickettsial e like me ka typhus a me ka s,potted fevers, hoʻohana pū ʻia ka chforamphenicol ma ke ʻano he ʻokoʻa kahi hiki ʻole ke hāʻawi ʻia nā tetracyclines.
ʻO nā maʻi bacteria ʻē aʻe kahi e hoʻohana ʻia ai ka chloramphenicol ma ke ʻano he ʻokoʻa i nā lāʻau ʻē aʻe e pili ana i ka anthrax, nā maʻi ʻōnaehana koʻikoʻi me Campylobacter fetus, ehrlichiosis, gastro-ententis koʻikoʻi, , gas gangrene, granuloma inguinale, nā maʻi Haemophitus influenzae koʻikoʻi ma waho o ka maningitis (e laʻa ma epiglottitis), listeriosis, metioidosis koʻikoʻi, maʻi ahulau (ʻoi loa inā ulu ka maʻi maʻi maʻi), psittacosis, tularaemia (ʻoi loa i ka wā i manaʻo ʻia ka maʻi maʻi), a me ka maʻi o Whipple.No ka mea, nā kikoʻī o kēia mau maʻi a me kā lākou mālama ʻana.
Hoʻohana nui ʻia ʻo Chioramphenicol i ka lāʻau topical, o ka pepeiao a me nā maʻi o ka maka, ʻoiai ʻo ka hapa nui o kēia mau mea he maʻalahi a me ka palena ponoʻī.Hoʻohana ʻia ma luna o ka mālama ʻana i nā maʻi skm.Hōʻike ʻia nā doses i nā huaʻōlelo o ka base chloramphenicol a ua like me ka lawelawe ʻana ma ka waha a i ʻole intravenously.No nā mākua a me nā kamaliʻi, ʻo ka maʻa maʻamau ʻo 5O mg no ke kaumaha o ke kino i kēlā me kēia lā i ka mahele ʻia i kēlā me kēia 6 hola;a hiki i ka 100 mg no kg i kēlā lā i kēia lā hiki ke hāʻawi ʻia i ka m maningitis a i ʻole nā maʻi koʻikoʻi ma muli o nā mea ola kū ʻole, ʻoiai e hoʻemi koke ʻia kēia mau kau kiʻekiʻe.No ka hoʻemi ʻana i ka nsk o ka hoʻi hou ʻana, ua ʻōlelo ʻia e hoʻomau ʻia ka mālama ʻana ma hope o ka hoʻi ʻana o ka mahana o ka mea maʻi i ka maʻamau no nā lā 4 hou m nckettsial maʻi a no 8 a 10 mau lā i ka lever typhoid.
Inā ʻaʻohe mea ʻē aʻe i ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka çhloramphenicol, ʻaʻole i piha i ka makahiki a me ka piha ʻana, hiki ke hāʻawi ʻia nā neonates i kēlā me kēia lā o 25 mg no ka kg o ke kino-kaumaha a me nā pēpē piha piha ma mua o 2 mau makahiki, hiki ke hāʻawi ʻia i ka 50 mg. i kēlā me kēia kg i kēlā me kēia lā, m 4 mahele ʻia: ʻO ka hoʻomaʻamaʻa ʻana o ka plasma concentrations he mea nui ia, e pale i ka ʻona.
I nā poʻe maʻi me ka hana he.patic impaired a i ʻole ka ʻeha renal koʻikoʻi, pono paha ka nui o ka chloramphenicol i ka recfuced ma muli o ka emi ʻana o ka cimelabolism a i ʻole excretion.
I ka mālama ʻana i nā maʻi o ka maka, hoʻohana pinepine ʻia ka chloramphenicol ma ke ʻano he 0.5% solution a i ʻole he ʻaila 1%.
Nā hopena ʻino
Hiki i ka Chloramphemcol ke hana i nā hopena koʻikoʻi a make i kekahi manawa.Ua manaʻo ʻia kekahi o kāna ʻona ma muli o nā hopena i ka synthesis protein mitochondnal.ʻO ka hopena maikaʻi loa o ka chloramphemcol ʻo ia ke kaumaha o ka iwi iwi, hiki ke lawe i 2 mau ʻano like ʻole.ʻO ka mea mua, he puʻuwai hoʻohuli maʻamau e pili ana i ka maʻi maʻamau i ka wā i ʻoi aku ka nui o ka plasma-chloramphenicol ma mua o 25 ug permL a ua ʻike ʻia e nā ʻāpana morphological i ka iwi iwi, hoʻemi i ka hoʻohana hao, reticulocylopenia anemia, leucopenia a me thrombocytopenia.Hiki paha kēia hopena ma muli o ke kāohi ʻana i ka synthesis protein i loko o ka mitochomária o nā puʻupuʻu iwi iwi.Ua loaʻa mai ka anaphylaxis akā kakaʻikahi, hiki nō ke ʻano like me Jansch-Herxheimer.ʻO nā hōʻailona o ka ʻōpū e like me ka nausea, ka luaʻi, a me ka maʻi maʻi hiki ke hahai i ka hoʻohana waha.ʻO nā pilikia o ka waha a me ka ʻōpū, hiki ke hoʻoulu i ka stomatitis, glossitis, a me ka ʻāʻī ʻana o ka rectal, hiki i nā maʻi ke ʻike i ka ʻono ʻawaʻawa ma hope o ka hoʻohana wikiwiki ʻana o ka chloramphenicot sodium succinate.
Overdosage
Ua ʻike ʻia ua ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ka hemoperfusion o ka lanahu ma mua o ka hoʻololi ʻana i ka hoʻololi ʻana i ke koko ma ke ʻano he chloramphenicol, ʻoiai ʻo ia ka mea i pale ai i ka make ma 7 mau pule me ka maʻi pēpē hina ma hope o ka hewa crosage.
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