Paracetamol exerts its pharmacological effects primarily through its action as an analgesic (pain reliever) and antipyretic (fever reducer). It is believed to work by inhibiting the synthesis of prostaglandins, which are chemical messengers involved in the transmission of pain signals and the regulation of body temperature.
Paracetamol is thought to predominantly inhibit the enzyme cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) in the central nervous system, resulting in decreased production of prostaglandins that sensitize pain receptors and elevate body temperature. However, it has a weaker effect on the cyclooxygenase-1 (COX-1) enzyme, which is involved in maintaining the normal function of various body systems, such as the stomach lining and platelet aggregation.
Additionally, paracetamol may have an effect on the endocannabinoid system, which plays a role in pain modulation. It is believed to enhance the activity of cannabinoid receptors, leading to further pain relief.
It is important to note that while paracetamol has analgesic and antipyretic properties, it has limited anti-inflammatory effects compared to nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs). Therefore, it is not typically used as an anti-inflammatory medication.
Post time: Jun-02-2023