A farkon 1880, ’yan Adam sun ƙirƙira alluran rigakafi don hana ƙwayoyin cuta.Tare da haɓaka fasahar rigakafi, ɗan adam na ci gaba da samun nasarar shawo kan cutar da kuma kawar da manyan cututtuka masu yawa kamar su ƙanƙara, poliomyelitis, kyanda, mumps, mura da sauransu.
A halin yanzu, sabon halin da ake ciki a duniya yana da muni, kuma adadin masu kamuwa da cuta yana karuwa.Kowa zai sa ido ga maganin alurar riga kafi, wanda zai iya zama kawai hanyar karya lamarin.Ya zuwa yanzu, sama da allurar rigakafin cutar covid-19 200 ne ake ci gaba da bunkasa a duk fadin duniya, wanda 61 daga cikinsu sun shiga matakin bincike na asibiti.
Ta yaya maganin ke aiki?
Kodayake akwai nau'ikan alluran rigakafi da yawa, tsarin aikin yana kama da haka.Yawanci suna shigar da ƙwayoyin cuta marasa ƙarfi a cikin jikin ɗan adam ta hanyar allura (waɗannan ƙwayoyin cuta na iya zama inactivation na ƙwayoyin cuta ko ƙwayoyin antigens na ƙwayoyin cuta) don haɓaka jikin ɗan adam don samar da ƙwayoyin rigakafin wannan cuta.Kwayoyin rigakafi suna da halayen ƙwaƙwalwar ajiya na rigakafi.Lokacin da kwayar cutar ta sake bayyana, jiki zai samar da amsawar rigakafi da sauri kuma ya hana kamuwa da cuta.
Za a iya raba sabon maganin kambi zuwa kashi uku bisa ga hanyoyin fasaha na R & D daban-daban: na farko shine hanyar fasaha ta gargajiya, gami da allurar rigakafin da ba a kunna ba da kuma allurar rigakafin rayuwa ta hanyar ci gaba;Na biyu shine rigakafin subunit na furotin da maganin VLP wanda ke bayyana antigen in vitro ta hanyar fasahar sake hadewar kwayoyin halitta;Nau'i na uku shine maganin rigakafi na kwayar cuta (nau'in maimaitawa, nau'in nau'in replication) da kuma maganin nucleic acid (DNA da mRNA) tare da sake hadewar kwayoyin halitta ko bayyana antigen kai tsaye a cikin vivo tare da kayan gado.
Yaya lafiya sabon maganin kambi yake?
Hakazalika da sauran samfuran magunguna, duk wani maganin rigakafi da aka ba da lasisi don talla yana buƙatar ingantaccen aminci da ƙimar inganci a cikin gwaje-gwajen asibiti, dabbobi da ɗan adam kafin rajista.Ya zuwa yanzu, an yiwa mutane sama da 60000 allurar rigakafin cutar ta Xinguan a kasar Sin, kuma ba a sami wani mummunan sakamako ba.Halayen gabaɗaya, kamar ja, kumburi, kumburi da ƙarancin zazzabi a wurin allurar, al'amura ne na yau da kullun bayan allurar, ba sa buƙatar magani na musamman, kuma za su sami sauƙi da kansu cikin kwanaki biyu ko uku.Don haka, babu buƙatar damuwa da yawa game da amincin rigakafin.
Ko da yake ba a ƙaddamar da sabon maganin kambi a hukumance ba tukuna, kuma abubuwan da ke da alaƙa za su kasance ƙarƙashin umarnin bayan an ƙaddamar da shi a hukumance, bisa ga al'adar allurar, wasu mutane suna da haɗarin haɗari masu haɗari yayin amfani da maganin, kuma za a tuntubi ma'aikatan lafiya dalla-dalla kafin amfani.
Wadanne kungiyoyi ne ke da mafi girman hadarin kamuwa da cutar bayan allurar?
1. Mutanen da ke da rashin lafiyan abubuwan da ke cikin maganin (tuntuɓi ma'aikatan lafiya);Tsananin rashin lafiyan tsarin mulki.
2. Ciwon farfadiya mara karewa da sauran cututtuka na tsarin jijiya na ci gaba, da waɗanda suka yi fama da ciwon Guillain Barre.
3. Marasa lafiya masu fama da zazzaɓi mai tsanani, kamuwa da cuta mai tsanani da kuma mummunan harin cututtuka na yau da kullum ba za a iya yi musu ba kawai bayan sun warke.
4. Sauran contraindications da aka ƙayyade a cikin umarnin rigakafin (duba takamaiman umarnin).
lamuran da ke bukatar kulawa
1. Bayan alurar riga kafi, dole ne ku zauna a kan shafin na tsawon minti 30 kafin ku tafi.Kada ku taru ku zagaya yadda kuke so yayin zaman.
2. Za a kiyaye wurin da ake yin rigakafin a bushe da tsabta a cikin sa'o'i 24, kuma a yi ƙoƙarin kada a yi wanka.
3. Bayan yin allurar, idan wurin yin rigakafin ya yi ja, yana jin zafi, zafi, zazzabi, da dai sauransu, a kai rahoto ga ma'aikatan kiwon lafiya a kan lokaci kuma a kula sosai.
4. Ƙanƙaran halayen rashin lafiyar alurar rigakafi na iya faruwa bayan alurar riga kafi.A cikin yanayin gaggawa, nemi magani daga ma'aikatan kiwon lafiya a farkon lokaci.
Novel coronavirus ciwon huhu shine babban ma'aunin rigakafi don rigakafin sabon ciwon huhu.
Yi ƙoƙarin guje wa zuwa wuraren da cunkoso
Sanya abin rufe fuska daidai
wanke hannu akai-akai
Lokacin aikawa: Satumba-03-2021