Chloramphenicol Sodium Succinateyog ib tug dawb los yog daj-dawb hygroscopic hmoov.1.4 g ntawm monograph tshuaj yog kwv yees li 1 g ntawm chloramphenicol.
Ceev faj
Chtoramphenicot yog contra-qhia nyob rau hauv cov neeg mob uas muaj keeb kwm ntawm hypersensitivity los yog tshuaj lom tshuaj tiv thaiv rau cov tshuaj.Nws yuav tsum tsis txhob muab cov txheej txheem rau kev kis mob me lossis rau kev tiv thaiv.concomitant kev tswj hwm ntawm chtoramphenicot nrog rau lwm cov tshuaj tiable yuav tsum tsis txhob ua rau mob pob txha pob txha funetion.Kev txo qis yuav tsum tau muab rau cov neeg mob uas lub siab ua haujlwm tsis zoo.Chloramphemcol tuaj yeem cuam tshuam nrog kev txhim kho ntawm kev tiv thaiv kab mob thiab nws yuav tsum tsis txhob muab thaum lub sijhawm tiv thaiv kab mob.
Kev sib tham
Chloramphenicol yog mactivated nyob rau hauv daim siab thiab tej zaum yuav, yog li ntawd, cuam tshuam nrog cov tshuaj uas metabolised los ntawm hepatic microsomal enzymes.Piv txwv li, chloramphenicol txhim kho cov teebmeem ntawm coumarm anticoagulants xws li dicoumarol thiab warfarin sodium, qee qhov hypoglycemic xws li chlorpropamide thiab tolbutamide, thiab antiepiteptics xws li phenytoin, thiab tuaj yeem txo cov metabolism ntawm cuctophosphamufe rau nws daim ntawv nquag.Conversely cov metabolism ntawm chloramphemcol yuav mcreased los ntawm mducers ntawm hepatic enzymes xws li phenobarbitone los yog nfampicin.Cov txiaj ntsig tsis sib xws tau raug tshaj tawm nrog paracetamol thiab phenytoin.Chloramphenicol tuaj yeem txo qhov cuam tshuam ntawm cov hlau thiab vitamin Bi2 hauv cov neeg mob anemic thiab ua rau tsis zoo rau cov tshuaj tiv thaiv qhov ncauj.
Antimicrobial Action
Chloramphe.nicol yog g bacteriostatic tshuaj tua kab mob witi ib tug dav spectrum ntawm kev txiav txim tawm tsam ob Gram-posi-tive thiab Gram-negative kab mob, nrog rau ib co lwm yam kab mob.
Kev siv thiab kev tswj hwm
V Lub luag haujlwm, ntawm chloranphenicol rau provoked life-threetemng adverse effects, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog pob txha-mar-row aplasia,.tau txwv nws cov txiaj ntsig kho mob hnyav, txawm hais tias nws tseem siv dav hauv qee lub tebchaws.Nws yuav tsum tsis txhob giyen systemically, rau cov kab mob me thiab cov ntshav suav tsis tu ncua feem ntau pom zoo thaum kho.Cov neeg thib peb tiam cephalosporins tam sim no nyiam rau ntau qhov kev qhia yav dhau los ntawm chlorampheniclo.Yog li ntawd, muaj qee qhov kev qhia tsis meej rau kev siv chloramphenicol.Nws tau siv rau hauv cov kab mob typhoid hnyav thiab lwm yam kab mob salmonellal, txawm hais tias nws tsis tshem tawm lub xeev khwv tau.Chloramphenicol yog lwm txoj hauv kev rau tiam thib peb cephalosporin hauv kev kho cov kab mob meningitis, ob qho tib si epirically thiab tiv thaiv kab mob rhiab heev xws li Haemophtlus tnfluenzae.Nws tau raug siv los kho cov kab mob hnyav anaerobic, patricularly hauv lub hlwb abscesses, thiab hauv cov kab mob hauv qab lub diaphragm qhov twg Bacteroides fragitis feem ntau cuam tshuam;Txawm li cas los xij, lwm yam tshuaj feem ntau nyiam dua.Txawm hais tias tetracyclines tseem nyob rau hauv kev kho mob ntawm kev xaiv ntawm rickettsial kab mob xws li typhus thiab s, potted fevers, chforamphenicol kuj yog siv los ua lwm txoj hauv kev uas tetracyclines tsis tuaj yeem muab.
Lwm yam kab mob kab mob uas chloramphenicol yuav siv tau los ua lwm yam tshuaj xws li anthrax, kab mob hnyav nrog Campylobacter fetus, ehrlichiosis, mob plab hnyuv loj, gas gangrene, granuloma inguinale, mob hnyav Haemophitus influenzae lwm yam uas tsis yog mob meningitis (piv txwv li. epiglottitis), listeriosis, mob hnyav metioidosis, kab mob plague (tshwj xeeb yog meningitis tshwm sim), psittacosis, tularemia (tshwj xeeb [y thaum tus mob meningitis xav tias), thiab Whipple's kab mob.Rau, cov ntsiab lus ntawm cov kab mob no thiab lawv txoj kev kho..
Chioramphenicol feem ntau siv nyob rau hauv cov tshuaj pleev ib ce, ntawm pob ntseg thiab, m tshwj xeeb, qhov muag mfections, txawm lub fact tias muaj ntau yam ntawm cov no yog me me thiab selflimitmg.Nws kuj yog siv topically m kho cov kab mob skm.Cov koob tshuaj tau nthuav tawm m cov ntsiab lus ntawm chloramphenicol puag thiab zoo ib yam txawm tias siv los ntawm lub qhov ncauj lossis tso dej.Rau cov neeg laus thiab menyuam yaus, qhov koob tshuaj ib txwm yog 5O mg rau ib kg lub cev hnyav txhua hnub hauv cov koob tshuaj faib txhua 6 teev;nce txog 100 mg ib kg ib hnub twg yuav tau muab m meningitis los yog mob hnyav vim muaj kab mob resistant, txawm tias cov koob tshuaj ntau dua no yuav tsum tau txo kom sai li sai tau.Txhawm rau txo qis nsk ntawm kev rov ua dua tshiab, nws tau pom zoo tias kev kho mob yuav tsum tsis txhob cuam tshuam tom qab tus neeg mob qhov kub thiab txias tau rov zoo li qub rau 4 hnub ntxiv m nckettsial kab mob thiab rau 8 mus rau 10 hnub hauv typhoid lever.
Yog tias tsis muaj kev hloov pauv rau kev siv çhloramphenicol, ntxov ntxov thiab tag nrho-tern, cov menyuam mos tuaj yeem muab 25 mg ib hnub ib kg ntawm lub cev hnyav thiab cov menyuam mos uas muaj hnub nyoog 2 lub lis piam, yuav tau muab txog 50 mg. ib kg ib hnub twg, m 4 faib koob tshuaj: Momtoring ntawm plasma concentrations yog ib qho tseem ceeb rau, zam toxicity.
Hauv cov neeg mob uas muaj qhov tsis zoo he.patic muaj nuj nqi lossis lub raum tsis ua haujlwm hnyav, qhov koob tshuaj chloramphenicol yuav tsum tau rov ua dua vim tias txo qis qis lossis tshem tawm.
Hauv kev kho qhov muag mfections chloramphenicol feem ntau yog siv los ua 0.5% tshuaj lossis 1% tshuaj pleev.
Cov teebmeem tsis zoo
Chloramphemcol tuaj yeem ua rau mob hnyav thiab qee zaum ua rau tuag taus.Qee qhov ntawm nws cov tshuaj lom yog xav tias yog vim muaj kev cuam tshuam ntawm mitochondnal protein synthesis.Qhov cuam tshuam tsis zoo tshaj plaws ntawm chloramphemcol yog nws txoj kev nyuaj siab ntawm cov pob txha pob txha, uas tuaj yeem siv 2 hom sib txawv.Thawj yog ib qho kev sib raug zoo ntawm cov koob tshuaj cuam tshuam txog kev ntxhov siab tshwm sim feem ntau yog thaum cov ntshav plasma-chloramphenicol ntau tshaj 25 ug permL thiab yog tus cwj pwm los ntawm morphological chapges m cov pob txha, txo qis siv hlau, reticulocylopenia anemia, leucopenia thiab thrombocytopenia.Cov nyhuv no tej zaum yuav yog vim inhibition ntawm protein synthesis nyob rau hauv lub mitochomária ntawm cov pob txha pob txha hlwb., Hypersensitivity tshua mctuding pob, kub taub hau, thiab angioedema yuav tshwm sim tshwj xeeb tshaj yog tom qab siv tshuaj pleev;anaphylaxis tau tshwm sim tab sis tsis tshua muaj, Jansch-Herxheimer-zoo li cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kuj tshwm sim.Cov tsos mob hauv plab nrog rau xeev siab, ntuav, thiab raws plab tuaj yeem ua raws li kev tswj hwm qhov ncauj.Kev cuam tshuam ntawm lub qhov ncauj thiab plab hnyuv, tej zaum yuav ua rau stomatitis, glossitis, thiab qhov quav irntation, Cov neeg mob yuav hnov qab saj qab zib heev tom qab noj cov tshuaj chloramphenicot sodium succinate sai.
Kev noj ntau dhau
Charcoal haemoperfusion tau pom tias muaj txiaj ntsig zoo dua rau kev hloov pauv hauv kev tshem tawm ntawm chloramphenicol daim ntawv ntshav, txawm hais tias nws tau tiv thaiv kev tuag ntawm 7-lub lim tiam-laus mfant nrog cov menyuam mos grey tom qab qhov yuam kev crosage.
Lub sijhawm txee:
Peb xyoos
