Ua tsaug rau koj tuaj xyuas Nature.com.Qhov browser version uas koj siv tau txwv kev txhawb nqa rau CSS.Rau qhov kev paub zoo tshaj plaws, peb xav kom koj siv qhov browser tshiab (lossis tua hom kev sib raug zoo hauv Internet Explorer). txuas ntxiv kev txhawb nqa, peb yuav tso saib lub vev xaib tsis muaj qauv thiab JavaScript.
Tau ntau tshaj li ib xyoos, Adeola Fowotade tau sim nrhiav neeg rau kev sim tshuaj kho mob ntawm COVID-19 kev kho mob.Raws li kws kho mob virologist ntawm University College Tsev Kho Mob, Ibadan, Nigeria, nws tau koom nrog kev siv zog thaum Lub Yim Hli 2020 los ntsuas qhov ua tau zoo ntawm kev tawm- Kev sib xyaw ntawm cov tshuaj hauv txee.Nws lub hom phiaj yog nrhiav 50 tus neeg tuaj yeem pab dawb - cov neeg kuaj pom tias muaj COVID-19 uas muaj cov tsos mob nruab nrab mus rau qhov hnyav thiab leej twg tuaj yeem tau txais txiaj ntsig los ntawm cov tshuaj cocktail.Tab sis kev ntiav neeg ua haujlwm tau mus ntxiv txawm tias Nigeria pom muaj tus kabmob kis tus kabmob. Lub Ib Hlis thiab Lub Ob Hlis.Tom qab yim lub hlis, nws tau xaiv 44 tus neeg xwb.
Fowotade tau hais tias "Qee tus neeg mob tsis kam koom nrog txoj kev tshawb fawb thaum mus txog, thiab qee tus pom zoo kom nres ib nrab ntawm kev sim," Fowotade tau hais. Thaum cov ntaub ntawv tus nqi pib poob rau lub Peb Hlis, nws yuav luag tsis pom cov neeg koom. raws li NACOVID, nyuaj ua kom tiav. "Peb tsis tuaj yeem ua tau raws li peb cov qauv qauv, "nws hais. Qhov kev sim tau xaus rau lub Cuaj Hli thiab poob qis ntawm nws lub hom phiaj nrhiav neeg ua haujlwm.
Fowotade cov teeb meem tsom iav qhov teeb meem uas tau ntsib los ntawm lwm qhov kev sim hauv Africa - qhov teeb meem loj rau cov teb chaws nyob rau sab av loj uas tsis muaj kev nkag mus rau cov tshuaj tiv thaiv COVID-19 txaus.Hauv Nigeria, lub teb chaws uas muaj neeg coob tshaj plaws, tsuas yog 2.7 feem pua ntawm cov tib neeg tsawg kawg nkaus. Kev txhaj tshuaj ib nrab.Qhov no tsuas yog qis dua qhov nruab nrab rau cov tebchaws tau nyiaj tsawg xwb. Cov kwv yees hais tias cov tebchaws African yuav tsis muaj koob tshuaj txaus los txhaj tshuaj tiv thaiv tag nrho 70% ntawm cov neeg nyob sab av loj kom txog thaum lub Cuaj Hlis 2022.
Qhov ntawd tawm ob peb txoj hauv kev rau kev tawm tsam kev sib kis tam sim no.Txawm tias kev kho mob xws li monoclonal antibodies lossis tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob remdesivir tau siv hauv cov tebchaws nplua nuj nyob sab nraud Africa, cov tshuaj no yuav tsum tau muab coj los siv hauv tsev kho mob thiab kim. Pharmaceutical giant Merck tau pom zoo. daim ntawv tso cai nws cov tshuaj raws li tshuaj molnupiravir rau cov chaw tsim khoom uas nws tuaj yeem siv dav, tab sis cov lus nug tseem nyob ntawm seb nws yuav raug nqi npaum li cas yog tias pom zoo. Yog li ntawd, Africa tab tom nrhiav cov tshuaj pheej yig, siv tau yooj yim uas tuaj yeem txo cov tsos mob ntawm COVID-19, txo qis. kab mob hnyav rau cov kab ke kho mob, thiab txo cov neeg tuag.
Qhov kev tshawb nrhiav no tau ntsib ntau yam teeb meem. Ntawm ze li ntawm 2,000 qhov kev sim siab tam sim no tshawb nrhiav tshuaj kho mob rau COVID-19, tsuas yog kwv yees li 150 tau sau npe hauv Africa, feem coob hauv tebchaws Iziv thiab South Africa, raws li clinicaltrials.gov, cov ntaub ntawv sau los ntawm United. States.Qhov tsis muaj kev sim siab yog ib qho teeb meem, hais tias Adeniyi Olagunju, kws kho mob kws kho mob ntawm University of Liverpool hauv UK thiab NACOVID tus thawj coj tshawb fawb.Yog tias Africa feem ntau ploj los ntawm kev sim kho COVID-19, nws txoj hauv kev tau txais cov tshuaj pom zoo yog txwv tsis pub dhau, nws tau hais tias "Ntxiv qhov ntawd rau qhov muaj tsawg kawg ntawm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv," Oragonju tau hais tias "Ntau dua li lwm lub tebchaws, Africa xav tau kev kho mob zoo COVID-19 yog qhov kev xaiv."
Qee lub koom haum tab tom sim ua kom muaj qhov tsis txaus no.ANTICOV, ib qho kev pabcuam los ntawm non-profit Drugs for Neglected Diseases Initiative (DNDi), tam sim no yog qhov kev sim loj tshaj plaws hauv Africa.Nws tab tom sim tshuaj kho ntxov rau COVID-19 hauv ob. Cov pab pawg sim.Lwm txoj kev tshawb fawb hu ua Repurposing Anti-Infectives for COVID-19 Therapy (ReACT) - koom tes los ntawm non-profit foundation Medicines for Malaria Venture - yuav kuaj kev nyab xeeb thiab kev ua tau zoo ntawm kev siv tshuaj rov ua dua tshiab hauv South Africa.Tab sis cov teeb meem kev cai, tsis muaj ntawm kev tsim kho vaj tse, thiab cov teeb meem hauv kev nrhiav neeg mus sim yog qhov teeb meem loj rau cov kev siv zog no.
"Nyob rau hauv sub-Saharan Africa, peb cov kab ke kev noj qab haus huv tau ploj mus," Samba Sow, tus thawj coj tshawb fawb hauv tebchaws ntawm ANTICOV hauv Mali.Qhov ntawd ua rau kev sim nyuaj, tab sis tsim nyog ntau dua, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog hauv kev txheeb xyuas cov tshuaj uas tuaj yeem pab tib neeg thaum ntxov ntawm tus kab mob. thiab tiv thaiv kev mus pw hauv tsev kho mob.Rau nws thiab ntau tus neeg kawm txog tus kab mob, nws yog kev sib tw tawm tsam kev tuag. "Peb tos tsis tau txog thaum tus neeg mob mob hnyav," nws hais.
Tus kabmob kis kabmob kis tau zoo tau txhawb nqa kev tshawb fawb soj ntsuam hauv tebchaws African.Vaccinologist Duduzile Ndwandwe taug qab kev tshawb fawb txog kev sim kev kho mob ntawm Cochrane South Africa, ib feem ntawm lub koom haum thoob ntiaj teb uas tshuaj xyuas cov pov thawj kev noj qab haus huv, thiab hais tias Pan-African Clinical Trials Registry tau sau npe 606 kev sim tshuaj hauv 2020. , piv nrog 2019 408 (saib 'Clinical trials in Africa').Txog lub Yim Hli xyoo no, nws tau sau npe 271 qhov kev sim, suav nrog tshuaj tiv thaiv thiab kev sim tshuaj.Ndwandwe tau hais tias: "Peb tau pom ntau qhov kev sim siab nthuav dav ntawm COVID-19."
Txawm li cas los xij, kev sim ntawm kev kho tus mob coronavirus tseem tsis tau muaj. Thaum Lub Peb Hlis 2020, Lub Koom Haum Saib Xyuas Kev Noj Qab Haus Huv Ntiaj Teb (WHO) tau tshaj tawm nws qhov kev sim ua kom muaj kev sib koom siab, kev tshawb fawb thoob ntiaj teb ntawm plaub qhov kev kho mob COVID-19.Tsuas yog ob lub tebchaws African tau koom nrog thawj theem ntawm kev tshawb fawb. .Qhov kev sib tw ntawm kev xa kev saib xyuas kev noj qab haus huv rau cov neeg mob hnyav tau ua rau ntau lub teb chaws los ntawm kev koom nrog, Quarraisha Abdool Karim, kws kho mob kis kab mob ntawm Columbia University hauv New York City, nyob hauv Durban, South Africa. "Qhov no yog lub sijhawm tseem ceeb tsis tau," nws hais tias, tab sis nws tau teeb tsa theem rau kev sim ntau dua ntawm kev kho mob COVID-19.Lub Yim Hli, Lub Koom Haum Saib Xyuas Kev Noj Qab Haus Huv Ntiaj Teb tau tshaj tawm cov theem tom ntej ntawm kev sib koom ua ke, uas yuav sim peb lwm yam tshuaj.Tib lub tebchaws African koom nrog.
Kev sim NACOVID los ntawm Fowotade lub hom phiaj los ntsuas kev sib xyaw ua ke ntawm 98 tus neeg hauv Ibadan thiab peb lwm qhov chaw hauv Nigeria.Cov neeg nyob hauv txoj kev tshawb fawb tau muab cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob atazanavir thiab ritonavir, nrog rau cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob hu ua nitazoxanide.Txawm hais tias lub hom phiaj nrhiav neeg ua haujlwm yog tsis tau ntsib, Olagunju tau hais tias pab pawg tab tom npaj cov ntawv sau rau kev tshaj tawm thiab vam tias cov ntaub ntawv yuav muab qee qhov kev nkag siab txog cov tshuaj ua haujlwm tau zoo.
Kev sim rau South African ReACT, txhawb nqa hauv Seoul los ntawm South Kauslim lub tuam txhab tshuaj Shin Poong Pharmaceutical, lub hom phiaj los sim plaub qhov kev sib xyaw tshuaj rov ua dua: cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob malarial artesunate-amodiaquine thiab pyrrolidine-artesunate;Favipiravir, tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob khaub thuas siv ua ke nrog nitre;thiab sofosbuvir thiab daclatasvir, ib qho tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob feem ntau siv los kho kab mob siab C.
Kev siv cov tshuaj repurposed yog qhov txaus nyiam heev rau ntau tus kws tshawb fawb vim tias nws yuav yog txoj hauv kev yooj yim tshaj plaws los nrhiav kev kho mob sai sai uas tuaj yeem faib tau yooj yim.African qhov tsis muaj peev txheej rau kev tshawb fawb tshuaj, kev tsim kho thiab kev tsim khoom txhais tau tias lub teb chaws tsis tuaj yeem yooj yim sim cov tshuaj tshiab thiab cov tshuaj tsim tawm ntau. .Cov kev siv zog no tseem ceeb heev, hais tias Nadia Sam-Agudu, tus kws tshaj lij kis mob rau menyuam yaus ntawm University of Maryland uas ua haujlwm ntawm Nigeria Institute of Human Virology hauv Abuja. tejzaum nws [nres] txuas ntxiv mus, ”nws hais ntxiv.
Lub teb chaws qhov kev sim loj tshaj plaws, ANTICOV, tau pib thaum lub Cuaj Hli 2020 hauv kev cia siab tias kev kho mob ntxov tuaj yeem tiv thaiv COVID-19 los ntawm kev cuam tshuam rau Africa cov kab ke kev noj qab haus huv tsis zoo.Nws tab tom nrhiav ntau dua 500 tus neeg koom ntawm 14 qhov chaw hauv Democratic Republic of Congo, Burkina. Faso, Guinea, Mali, Ghana, Kenya thiab Mozambique.Nws lub hom phiaj kom nws thiaj li nrhiav tau 3,000 tus neeg koom hauv 13 lub tebchaws.
Ib tus neeg ua haujlwm ntawm lub toj ntxas hauv Dakar, Senegal, thaum Lub Yim Hli raws li nthwv dej thib peb ntawm COVID-19 kis.Image credit: John Wessels/AFP/Getty
ANTICOV tab tom sim qhov ua tau zoo ntawm ob txoj kev kho mob sib xyaw ua ke uas tau sib xyaw ua ke rau lwm qhov.Tus thawj sib xyaw nitazoxanide nrog inhaled ciclesonide, corticosteroid siv los kho mob hawb pob.Qhov thib ob muab artesunate-amodiaquine nrog cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob ivermectin.
Kev siv ivermectin hauv cov kws kho tsiaj thiab kev kho mob ntawm qee qhov tsis saib xyuas cov kab mob tropical hauv tib neeg tau ua rau muaj kev tsis sib haum xeeb hauv ntau lub tebchaws.Cov tib neeg thiab cov nom tswv tau thov kom nws siv los kho COVID-19 vim tsis txaus cov ntaub ntawv pov thawj thiab kev tshawb fawb txog nws cov txiaj ntsig.Qee tus Cov ntaub ntawv txhawb nqa nws siv yog cov lus nug.Nyob hauv tebchaws Iziv, txoj kev tshawb fawb loj txhawb kev siv ivermectin hauv COVID-19 cov neeg mob tau raug tshem tawm los ntawm lub tshuab luam ntawv ua ntej tom qab nws tau tshaj tawm thaum muaj kev iab liam ntawm cov ntaub ntawv tsis xwm yeem thiab plagiarism.(Cov kws sau ntawv ntawm kev tshawb fawb sib cav tias. cov tshaj tawm tsis muab sijhawm rau lawv los tiv thaiv lawv tus kheej.) Kev tshuaj xyuas tsis ntev los no los ntawm Cochrane Infectious Diseases Group pom tsis muaj pov thawj los txhawb kev siv ivermectin hauv kev kho tus kab mob COVID-19 (M. Popp et al. Cochrane Database Syst. Rev. 7, CD015017; 2021).
Nathalie Srub-Wourgaft, uas khiav DNDi's COVID-19 phiaj los nqis tes, tau hais tias muaj qhov laj thawj tsim nyog los kuaj cov tshuaj hauv Africa.Nws thiab nws cov npoj yaig vam tias nws tuaj yeem ua raws li kev tiv thaiv kab mob thaum noj nrog tshuaj tua kab mob.Yog tias qhov sib xyaw no yog pom tias tsis muaj, DNDi tau npaj los sim lwm yam tshuaj.
Salim Abdool Karim, tus kws kho mob kis mob thiab tus thawj coj ntawm Durban-based Center for AIDS Research in South Africa (CAPRISA) tau hais tias, "Tab sis yog tias kev sim hauv Africa tuaj yeem pab daws qhov teeb meem no lossis ua kom muaj txiaj ntsig tseem ceeb. , ces nws yog ib lub tswv yim zoo. "
Raws li cov ntaub ntawv muaj nyob rau niaj hnub no, kev sib xyaw ua ke ntawm nitazoxanide thiab ciclesonide zoo li kev cog lus, Srub-Wourgaft tau hais tias "Peb tau txhawb nqa cov ntaub ntawv kho mob thiab cov ntaub ntawv kho mob los txhawb peb txoj kev xaiv ntawm qhov kev sib xyaw no," nws hais. -Wourgaft tau hais tias ANTICOV tab tom npaj los ntsuas caj npab tshiab thiab yuav txuas ntxiv siv ob txhais caj npab kho tam sim no.
Pib qhov kev sim yog ib qho kev sib tw, txawm tias DNDi nrog kev ua haujlwm dav dav hauv African sab av loj. Kev tswj hwm kev pom zoo yog ib qho tseem ceeb, Srub-Wourgaft tau hais. Yog li ntawd, ANTICOV, koom tes nrog WHO's African Vaccine Regulatory Forum (AVAREF), tsim muaj xwm txheej kub ntxhov. Cov txheej txheem los ua kev sib koom ua ke ntawm kev soj ntsuam kev tshawb fawb hauv 13 lub teb chaws.Qhov no tuaj yeem ua kom muaj kev pom zoo rau kev tswj hwm thiab kev coj ncaj ncees. "Nws tso cai rau peb los ua ke cov xeev, cov tswj hwm thiab kev coj ncaj ncees tshuaj xyuas cov tswv cuab," Strub-Wourgaft tau hais.
Nick White, tus kws tshaj lij tshuaj kho mob kub taub hau uas yog tus thawj coj ntawm COVID-19 Clinical Research Consortium, kev sib koom tes thoob ntiaj teb los nrhiav kev daws teeb meem rau COVID-19 hauv cov tebchaws tau nyiaj tsawg, tau hais tias thaum WHO txoj kev pib ua tau zoo, Tab sis nws tseem siv sijhawm ntev dua kom tau txais kev pom zoo. , thiab kev tshawb fawb hauv cov tebchaws tau nyiaj tsawg thiab nruab nrab yog qhov zoo dua li kev tshawb fawb hauv cov tebchaws nplua nuj.Cov laj thawj suav nrog cov kev tswj hwm nruj hauv cov tebchaws no, nrog rau cov tub ceev xwm uas tsis zoo ntawm kev coj ncaj ncees thiab kev tswj xyuas kev tswj hwm.Qhov yuav tsum tau hloov, Dawb tau hais tias.
Tab sis cov kev cov nyom tsis nres nyob ntawd.Thaum qhov kev sim pib, tsis muaj kev thauj mus los thiab hluav taws xob tuaj yeem cuam tshuam kev nce qib, Fowotade tau hais.Nws khaws cov qauv ntawm COVID-19 nyob rau hauv -20 ° C lub freezer thaum lub sijhawm hluav taws xob hauv tsev kho mob Ibadan.She kuj tseem yuav tsum tau thauj cov qauv mus rau Ed Center, kev tsav tsheb ob-teev mus rau kev tshuaj ntsuam. "Kuv qee zaum txhawj xeeb txog kev ncaj ncees ntawm cov qauv khaws cia," Fowotade tau hais.
Olagunju tau hais ntxiv tias thaum qee lub xeev txwv tsis pub nyiaj rau COVID-19 cov chaw nyob sib cais hauv lawv lub tsev kho mob, kev nrhiav neeg mus sim tau nyuaj dua.Yog tsis muaj cov peev txheej no, tsuas yog cov neeg mob uas muaj peev xwm them taus tau txais. them nyiaj rau kev cais tawm thiab chaw kho mob.Tsis muaj leej twg xav tias yuav cuam tshuam, "Olagunju tau hais.
Txawm hais tias nws feem ntau muaj peev txheej zoo, Nigeria tsis meej meej tsis yog koom nrog ANTICOV. "Txhua tus tau zam kev sim tshuaj hauv Nigeria vim tias peb tsis muaj lub koom haum," hais tias Oyewale Tomori, tus kws tshaj lij thiab tus thawj coj ntawm Nigeria's COVID-19 Ministerial Advisory Pawg Neeg Txawj Ntse, uas ua haujlwm los txheeb xyuas cov tswv yim zoo thiab cov kev coj ua zoo tshaj plaws los daws COVID-19.
Babatunde Salako, tus thawj coj ntawm Nigerian Lub Tsev Haujlwm Saib Xyuas Kev Kho Mob hauv Lagos, tsis pom zoo.Salako hais tias Nigeria muaj kev paub los ua cov kev sim tshuaj, nrog rau kev nrhiav neeg ua haujlwm hauv tsev kho mob thiab pawg saib xyuas kev coj noj coj ua uas tswj xyuas kev pom zoo ntawm kev sim tshuaj hauv Nigeria. " cov ntsiab lus ntawm infrastructure, yog, nws yuav ua tau tsis muaj zog;nws tseem tuaj yeem txhawb nqa kev sim tshuaj, "nws hais.
Ndwandwe xav txhawb kom ntau tus kws tshawb fawb African koom nrog kev sim tshuaj kom nws cov pej xeem muaj kev ncaj ncees nkag mus rau cov kev kho mob uas tau cog lus tseg. Cov kev sim hauv zos tuaj yeem pab cov kws tshawb fawb txheeb xyuas cov kev kho mob uas siv tau.Lawv tuaj yeem hais txog cov kev xav tau tshwj xeeb hauv cov chaw muaj peev txheej tsawg thiab pab txhim kho cov txiaj ntsig kev noj qab haus huv, hais tias Hellen Mnjalla , tus thawj saib xyuas kev sim tshuaj rau Wellcome Trust Research Program ntawm Kenya Institute of Medical Research hauv Kilifi.
"COVID-19 yog tus kabmob tshiab, yog li peb xav tau kev sim tshuaj kom nkag siab tias cov kev cuam tshuam no yuav ua haujlwm li cas hauv cov neeg African," Ndwandwe ntxiv.
Salim Abdul Karim vam tias qhov kev kub ntxhov yuav txhawb nqa cov kws tshawb fawb African los txhim kho qee qhov kev tshawb fawb hauv tsev tsim los tiv thaiv tus kabmob HIV / AIDS. "Qee lub tebchaws xws li Kenya, Uganda thiab South Africa tau tsim kev tsim kho vaj tse.Tab sis nws tau tsim tsawg dua hauv lwm qhov chaw, "nws hais.
Txhawm rau ua kom muaj kev sim tshuaj kho mob ntawm COVID-19 kev kho mob hauv tebchaws Africa, Salim Abdool Karim thov kom tsim ib lub koom haum xws li Consortium for Clinical Trials of COVID-19 Vaccines (CONCVACT; tsim los ntawm African Centers for Disease Control and Prevention thaum Lub Xya Hli 2020) los tswj kev kho mob thoob plaws teb chaws.Lub koom haum African - lub koom haum teb chaws sawv cev rau 55 African cov tswv cuab hauv lub xeev - tau muab tso rau hauv lub luag haujlwm no. hais tias Salim Abdul Karim.
Tus kab mob COVID-19 tsuas tuaj yeem kov yeej los ntawm kev sib koom tes thoob ntiaj teb thiab kev sib koom tes ncaj ncees, Sow tau hais tias "Hauv kev tawm tsam thoob ntiaj teb tiv thaiv kab mob sib kis, ib lub tebchaws tsis tuaj yeem nyob ib leeg - tsis yog lub tebchaws," nws hais.
11/10/2021 Kev Tshaj Tawm: Ib tsab xov xwm dhau los ntawm tsab xov xwm no tau hais tias ANTICOV program tau khiav los ntawm DNDi.Qhov tseeb, DNDi yog koom tes nrog ANTICOV, uas yog khiav los ntawm 26 tus neeg koom tes.
Post lub sij hawm: Apr-07-2022