Ubushyuhe bukabije ni akaga kuri buri wese, cyane cyane abasaza nabafite ubumuga, ndetse nababa mu bigo byita ku bageze mu za bukuru.Mu gihe cy’ubushyuhe bukabije, iyo ubushyuhe bwo hejuru budasanzwe bumara iminsi irenze mike, burashobora guhitana abantu. Hafi yabandi bantu 2000 bapfuye mugihe gishyushye 10- igihe cyumunsi mu majyepfo y’iburasirazuba bw’Ubwongereza muri Kanama 2003. Abafite ibyago byinshi byo guhitanwa n’urupfu ni abo mu bigo byita ku bageze mu za bukuru.
Uru rupapuro rukoresha ibisobanuro birambuye muri gahunda ya Heatwave.Bwubakiye ku bunararibonye bwacu mu Bwongereza hamwe ninama zinzobere zitangwa n’umuryango w’ubuzima ku isi (OMS) n’umushinga wa EuroHEAT mu guteza imbere gahunda y’ubushyuhe mu bindi bihugu.Biri muri gahunda y’igihugu yo kugabanya ingaruka zubuzima mugira inama abantu mbere yuko ubushyuhe bubaho.
Ugomba gusoma iyi ngingo niba ukora cyangwa ucunga inzu yita ku bageze mu za bukuru kubera ko abantu baho bafite ibyago cyane cyane mugihe cy'ubushyuhe.Birasabwa cyane ko ukora imyiteguro muriyi mpapuro mbere yo gutegereza ubushyuhe bukabije.Ingaruka zubushyuhe bwo hejuru zirihuta kandi imyiteguro ifatika igomba gufatwa bitarenze ukwezi kwa gatandatu. Uru rupapuro rwerekana uruhare ninshingano zisabwa kuri buri rwego.
Iyo ubushyuhe bwibidukikije buri hejuru yubushyuhe bwuruhu, uburyo bwonyine bwo gukwirakwiza ubushyuhe burimo kubira ibyuya.Nuko rero, ikintu cyose kigabanya ingaruka zo kubira ibyuya, nko kubura umwuma, kubura umuyaga, imyenda ifatanye, cyangwa imiti imwe n'imwe, bishobora gutera umubiri ubushyuhe bukabije. Byongeye kandi, thermoregulation igenzurwa na hypothalamus irashobora kwangirika kubantu bakuze ndetse nabafite uburwayi budakira, kandi irashobora kubangamira abantu bafata imiti imwe n'imwe, bigatuma umubiri ukunze gushyuha. Abakuze bakuze bigaragara ko bakunze guhura nubushyuhe, birashoboka bitewe na glande nkeya, ariko nanone kubera kubaho wenyine kandi ufite ibyago byo kwigunga.
Impamvu nyamukuru zitera indwara n’urupfu mu gihe cy’ubushyuhe ni indwara z’ubuhumekero n’umutima n’umutima. Umubano ugaragara hagati y’ubushyuhe n’impfu za buri cyumweru wagaragaye mu Bwongereza mu mpeshyi ya 2006, aho abantu bagera kuri 75 bapfa buri cyumweru kuri buri cyiciro cyiyongera ku bushyuhe. Igice cya impamvu yo kwiyongera kwabapfa bishobora kuba kwanduza ikirere, bigatuma ibimenyetso byubuhumekero birushaho kuba bibi.Ikindi kintu gikomeye ningaruka zubushyuhe kuri sisitemu yumutima nimiyoboro y'amaraso. Kugira ngo ukonje, amaraso menshi yinyongera azenguruka kuruhu.Ibi birashobora guhangayikisha umutima, no mubantu bakuze nabantu bafite ibibazo byigihe kirekire byubuzima, birashobora kuba bihagije gukurura umutima.
Kubira ibyuya no kubura umwuma birashobora kugira ingaruka kuri electrolyte.Bishobora kandi kuba ingaruka kubantu bafata imiti igenzura uburinganire bwa electrolyte cyangwa imikorere yumutima.Imiti igira ingaruka kubushobozi bwo kubira ibyuya, kugabanya ubushyuhe bwumubiri, cyangwa ubusumbane bwa electrolyte birashobora gutuma umuntu ashobora guhura nubushyuhe. Imiti nk'iyi irimo antikolinergique, vasoconstrictors, antihistamine, imiti igabanya imikorere y'impyiko, diuretics, imiti ya psychoactique, n'imiti igabanya ubukana.
Hariho kandi ibimenyetso byerekana ko kuzamuka kwubushyuhe bwibidukikije hamwe no kubura umwuma bifitanye isano no kwiyongera kwandura kwamaraso biterwa na bagiteri ya Gram-mbi, cyane cyane Escherichia coli.Abantu barengeje imyaka 65 bafite ibyago byinshi, bashimangira akamaro ko gutuma abantu bakuze barya amazi ahagije mugihe cy'ubushyuhe bukabije kugeza gabanya ibyago byo kwandura.
Indwara ziterwa n'ubushyuhe zisobanura ingaruka z'ubushyuhe bukabije ku mubiri, bishobora guhitana ubuzima bw'ubushyuhe.
Tutitaye ku mpamvu nyamukuru itera ibimenyetso bifitanye isano n'ubushyuhe, ubuvuzi burigihe ni kimwe - kwimura umurwayi ahantu hakonje hanyuma ubireke bikonje.
Impamvu nyamukuru zitera indwara nurupfu mugihe cyizuba ni indwara zubuhumekero nimiyoboro yumutima. Byongeye kandi, hariho indwara zihariye ziterwa nubushyuhe, harimo:
Heatstroke - irashobora kuba ingingo yo kutagaruka, uburyo bwogukoresha umubiri burananirana kandi bigatera ubutabazi bwihuse, hamwe nibimenyetso nka:
Gahunda ya Heatwave isobanura uburyo bwo gukurikirana ubuzima bw’ubushyuhe bukoreshwa mu Bwongereza kuva ku ya 1 Kamena kugeza ku ya 15 Nzeri buri mwaka.Muri iki gihe, Biro y’ikirere ishobora guhanura ubushyuhe bw’ubushyuhe, bitewe n’iteganyagihe ry’ubushyuhe bwo ku manywa na nijoro ndetse nigihe bimara.
Sisitemu yo gukurikirana ubuzima bwumuriro igizwe ninzego 5 zingenzi (urwego 0 kugeza 4) .Urwego 0 ni umwaka wose uteganya gufata ingamba ndende zo kugabanya ingaruka zubuzima mugihe habaye ubushyuhe bukabije. Urwego 1 kugeza 3 rushingiye ku bipimo by'ubushyuhe bwo ku manywa na nijoro nk'uko byasobanuwe na Biro ya Meteorology.Ibyo biratandukana bitewe n'akarere, ariko impuzandengo y’ubushyuhe ni 30ºC ku manywa na 15ºC nijoro. ikirere.Ibisobanuro birambuye byubushyuhe kuri buri karere bitangwa kumugereka wa 1 wa gahunda ya Heat Wave.
Igenamigambi rirambye ririmo imirimo ihuriweho umwaka wose kugirango igabanye ingaruka z’imihindagurikire y’ikirere kandi ihindure imihindagurikire y’ikirere kugira ngo igabanye ibyangijwe n’umuriro.
Mu gihe cyizuba, serivisi zita ku mibereho n’ubuzima zigomba gukangurira abantu kumenya no kwitegura neza hagamijwe gushyira mu bikorwa ingamba zavuzwe muri gahunda ya hotwave.
Ibi biterwa iyo Biro yubumenyi bwikirere iteganya amahirwe 60% yuko ubushyuhe buzaba bwinshi kuburyo bugira ingaruka zikomeye kubuzima byibuze iminsi 2 ikurikiranye.Ibisanzwe bibaho iminsi 2 kugeza kuri 3 mbere yibyateganijwe. Hamwe nimpfu ziyongera vuba nyuma yubushyuhe. ubushyuhe, hamwe nimpfu nyinshi muminsi 2 yambere, iki nicyiciro cyingenzi mugutegura imyiteguro nigikorwa cyihuse cyo kugabanya ingaruka ziterwa nubushyuhe.
Ibi biterwa na Biro yubumenyi bwikirere yemeje ko uturere twose cyangwa uturere twageze ku bushyuhe bwikirenga.Iki cyiciro gisaba ibikorwa byihariye byibanda kumatsinda afite ibyago byinshi.
Ibi bigerwaho mugihe ubushyuhe bukabije kandi / cyangwa igihe kirekire kuburyo ingaruka zabyo zirenze ubuzima ndetse no kwita kubaturage. Icyemezo cyo kwimuka kurwego rwa 4 gifatwa kurwego rwigihugu kandi kizasuzumwa kugirango hasuzumwe guverinoma ihuriweho nikirere, ihuzwa na Ubunyamabanga bwa Leta bwihutirwa (Ibiro by'Inama y'Abaminisitiri).
Iterambere ryibidukikije rikorwa kugirango hatangwe umutekano kubakiriya mugihe habaye ubushyuhe.
Tegura gahunda yo gukomeza ibikorwa byubushyuhe (urugero, kubika ibiyobyabwenge, kugarura mudasobwa).
Korana n'abafatanyabikorwa n'abakozi kugirango bakangurire ingaruka zikabije z'ubushyuhe no kugabanya ubukangurambaga.
Reba kugirango urebe niba ushobora gutwikira amadirishya, nibyiza gukoresha umwenda utwikiriye urumuri aho gukoresha impumyi zicyuma hamwe nudido twijimye, bishobora gutuma ibintu biba bibi - niba byashizweho, reba niba bishobora kuzamurwa.
Ongeramo igicucu cyo hanze muburyo bwa shitingi, igicucu, ibiti, cyangwa ibiti byamababi;Irangi ryerekana rishobora kandi gufasha inyubako gukonja.Kongera icyatsi cyo hanze, cyane cyane ahantu hafatika, kuko cyongera ubuhehere kandi kigakora nkicyuma gifata ikirere kugirango gifashe gukonja.
Urukuta rwa Cavity hamwe na insulike bifasha inyubako gushyuha mugihe cyitumba no gukonja mugihe cyizuba - hamagara umuyobozi w’inzego zibanze ushinzwe ingufu cyangwa ikigo cy’ingufu kugirango umenye inkunga zihari.
Kora ibyumba bikonje cyangwa ahantu hakonje. Abantu bafite ibyago byinshi bashobora gushyuha kumubiri birabagora kwikonjesha neza mugihe ubushyuhe buzamutse hejuru ya 26 ° C. Kubwibyo rero, buri kigo cyabaforomo, abaforomo nuburaro bigomba gutanga icyumba cyangwa agace kagumijwe kuri 26 ° C.
Ahantu hakonje hashobora gutezwa imbere hifashishijwe igicucu gikwiye cyo hanze no hanze, guhumeka, gukoresha ibihingwa byo murugo no hanze, hamwe no guhumeka igihe bibaye ngombwa.
Menya neza ko abakozi bamenya ibyumba byoroshye kugumana ubukonje nibikomeye, kandi urebe igabanywa ryabakozi ukurikije amatsinda menshi.
Ubushyuhe bwo mu nzu bugomba gushyirwaho muri buri cyumba (ibyumba byo kuryamo ndetse n’aho gutura no gusangirira) aho abatishoboye bamara umwanya munini - ubushyuhe bwo mu nzu bugomba gukurikiranwa buri gihe mugihe cy'ubushyuhe.
Niba ubushyuhe buri munsi ya 35ºC, umuyaga w'amashanyarazi urashobora gutanga agahengwe (icyitonderwa, koresha umuyaga: ku bushyuhe buri hejuru ya 35ºC, umufana ntashobora kwirinda indwara ziterwa n'ubushyuhe. Byongeye kandi, abafana barashobora gutera umwuma mwinshi; birasabwa ko hashyirwa abafana muburyo bukwiye Irinde abantu, ntukayerekeze kumubiri no kunywa amazi buri gihe - ibi nibyingenzi kubarwayi baryamye).
Menya neza ko gahunda yo gukomeza ubucuruzi ihari kandi igashyirwa mubikorwa nkuko bisabwa (igomba kuba ifite abakozi bahagije kugirango bafate ingamba zikwiye mugihe habaye ubushyuhe).
Tanga aderesi imeri kubayobozi baho cyangwa NHS ushinzwe ibikorwa byihutirwa kugirango byoroherezwe amakuru yihutirwa.
Reba neza ko amazi na barafu biboneka-menya neza ko ufite imyunyu ngugu yo mu kanwa, umutobe wa orange, n'ibitoki kugirango bigufashe gukomeza kuringaniza electrolyte kubarwayi ba diureti.
Mugisha inama abaturage, teganya guhindura menus kugirango ubone amafunguro akonje (byaba byiza ibiryo birimo amazi menshi, nk'imbuto na salade).
Menya neza ko uzi abafite ibyago byinshi (reba amatsinda afite ibyago byinshi) - niba utabizi neza, baza abashinzwe ubuvuzi bwibanze hanyuma ubyandike muri gahunda yabo yo kubitaho.
Menya neza ko ufite protocole kugirango ukurikirane abatuye ibyago byinshi kandi utange ubufasha bwinyongera nubufasha (bisaba gukurikirana ubushyuhe bwicyumba, ubushyuhe, impiswi, umuvuduko wamaraso, hamwe na dehidrasi).
Baza GP yabaturage bafite ibyago kubyerekeranye nimpinduka zishoboka mubuvuzi cyangwa imiti mugihe cy'ubushyuhe, hanyuma usuzume imikoreshereze yabaturage.
Niba ubushyuhe burenze 26ºC, amatsinda afite ibyago byinshi agomba kwimurirwa ahantu hakonje ya 26ºC cyangwa munsi - kubarwayi batimuka cyangwa bashobora kuba badahuzagurika, fata ingamba zo kubakonjesha (urugero, amazi, guhanagura imbeho) na kongera igenzura.
Abaturage bose basabwe kubaza GP kubijyanye nimpinduka zishoboka mubuvuzi no / cyangwa imiti;tekereza kwandika imyunyu ngugu yo mu kanwa kubantu bafata urugero rwinshi rwa diuretics.
Reba ubushyuhe bwicyumba buri gihe mugihe gishyushye mubice byose umurwayi atuyemo.
Gutangiza gahunda yo gukomeza ubucuruzi - harimo no kwiyongera kwa serivisi.
Ongera igicucu cyo hanze - gutera amazi hasi hanze bizafasha gukonjesha umwuka (kugirango wirinde guteza impanuka, reba amazi y’amapfa mbere yo gukoresha amase).
Fungura Windows mugihe ubushyuhe bwo hanze bugabanutse munsi yubushyuhe imbere - ibi birashobora gutinda nijoro cyangwa mugitondo.
Gabanya abaturage gukora imyitozo ngororamubiri no gusohoka mumasaha ashyushye yumunsi (11h kugeza 3h00).
Reba ubushyuhe bwicyumba buri gihe mugihe gishyushye mubice byose umurwayi atuyemo.
Wifashishe ubushyuhe bukonje bwijoro ukonjesha inyubako ukoresheje umwuka. Kugabanya ubushyuhe bwimbere uzimya amatara adakenewe nibikoresho byamashanyarazi.
Tekereza kwimura amasaha yo gusura mugitondo na nimugoroba kugirango ugabanye ubushyuhe bwa nyuma ya rubanda.
Igihe cyo kohereza: Gicurasi-27-2022