[Muchidimbu]
Artemisinin (QHS) inoveli sesquiterpene lactone ine peroxy zambuko rakaparadzaniswa neChinese mushonga wemishonga Artemisia annua L. Artemisinin ine chimiro chakasiyana, kunyatsoshanda uye kuderera kwehuturu.Iine anti-tumor, anti-tumor, anti-bacterial, anti-malarial, uye immune-enhancing pharmacological effects.Iine mhedzisiro yakakosha pakushungurudzwa kwemhando yehuropi uye kushungurudzwa kwakashata.Ndiwo chete mushonga unozivikanwa pasi rose unorwisa marariya muChina.Wave mushonga wakakodzera kurapa marariya unokurudzirwa neWorld Health Organisation.
[Zvenyama nemakemikari zvimiro]
Artemisinin ikristaro yetsono isina ruvara uye inonyunguduka inosvika 156 ~ 157 ° C. Inonyungudika nyore muchloroform, acetone, ethyl acetate uye benzene.Inonyungudika mu ethanol, ether, inonyungudika zvishoma mukutonhora petroleum ether, uye inenge isinganyungudike mumvura.Nekuda kweboka rayo rakakosha peroxy, haina kugadzikana kupisa uye inonyungudika zviri nyore nekurudziro yemvura, inopisa uye inoderedza zvinhu.
[Pharmacological action]
1. Anti-malarial effect Artemisinin ine yakakosha pharmacological properties uye ine yakanaka kwazvo kurapa mhedzisiro pamarariya.Muchiito chemarariya che artemisinin, artemisinin inokonzera kuparara kuzere kwechimiro chegonye nekuvhiringa membrane-mitochondrial basa remalaria parasite.Kuongorora kukuru kweichi chiitiko ndeichi: boka reperoxy muchimiro chemolecular ye artemisinin rinogadzira mahara radicals neoxidation, uye mahara radicals anosunga kuprotein yemalaria, nekudaro ichiita pane membrane chimiro cheparasitic protozoa, ichiparadza membrane, nyukireya membrane uye plasma membrane.Iyo mitochondria yakazvimba uye mukati nekunze membrane inovharika, inozopedzisira yaparadza cellular chimiro uye basa remalaria parasite.Mukuita uku, machromosome ari mukati memwoyo weparasite yemarariya anokanganiswawo.Optical and electron microscopy observations inoratidza kuti artemisinin inogona kupinda zvakananga mu membrane chimiro chePlasmodium, iyo inogona kuvharira zvinovaka muviri kupihwa kwePlasmodium-inotsamira pairi masero matsvuku eropa, uye nokudaro kukanganisa membrane-mitochondrial basa rePlasmodium ( Pane kuvhiringidza yayo. folate metabolism, inozopedzisira yaita kuti chirwere chemalaria chiparare zvachose.Kushandiswa kweartemisinin kunoderedzawo zvakanyanya kuwanda kweisoleucine inomwiwa nePlasmodium, nokudaro ichitadzisa kuumbwa kwemapuroteni muPlasmodium.
Mukuwedzera, iyo antimalarial effect ye artemisinin inobatanidzawo nemhepo yeokisijeni, uye high oxygen pressure inoderedza kushanda kweartemisinin paP. falciparum yakagadzirwa mu vitro.Kuparadzwa kwemarariya parasite ne artemisinin yakakamurwa kuva marudzi maviri, imwe ndeyekuparadza zvakananga marariya parasite;imwe yacho ndeyekukuvadza masero matsvuku eparasite yemarariya, izvo zvinotungamirira kurufu rwemarariya.Iyo antimalarial mhedzisiro yeartemisinin ine yakananga kuuraya mhedzisiro pane erythrocyte chikamu chePlasmodium.Iko hakuna mhedzisiro yakakosha pane pre- uye extra-erythrocytic phases.Kusiyana nemamwe antimalarials, iyo antimalarial mechanism ye artemisinin inotsamira zvakanyanya pa peroxyl muchimiro chemorekuru che artemisinin.Kuvapo kwemapoka eperoxyl kunoita basa rakasimba mukurwisa marariya chiitiko che artemisinin.Kana pasina boka reperoxide, artemisinin inorasikirwa nekuita kwayo kwekudzivirira marariya.Nokudaro, zvinogona kutaurwa kuti antimalarial mechanism ye artemisinin yakanyatsobatana nekuparara kwekuita kwemapoka eperoxyl.Pamusoro pekuita kwayo kwakanaka kwekuuraya zvipembenene zvemarariya, artemisinin inewo imwe inhibitory mhedzisiro pane zvimwe zvipembenene.
2. Anti-bundu mhedzisiro Artemisinin ine pachena inhibitory mhedzisiro pakukura kwakasiyana siyana bundu maseru akadai sekenza yechiropa, masero egomarara rezamu uye masero egomarara remuchibereko.Tsvakurudzo dzinoverengeka dzakaratidza kuti artemisinin ine nzira imwechete yekuita nayo marariya uye anticancer, zvinoti, anti-malarial uye anti-gomarara nemahara radicals anogadzirwa neperoxy bhiriji kutsemuka mune molecular chimiro che artemisinin.Uye iyo yakafanana artemisinin derivative inosarudza kuvharirwa kwemhando dzakasiyana dzebundu masero.Chiito cheartemisinin pamasero ebundu chinovimba nekupinzwa kwesero apoptosis kupedzisa kuuraya masero.Mune imwechete antimalarial effect, dihydroartemisinin inhibisa kushandiswa kwe hypoxia inducing factor nekuwedzera reactive oxygen group.Semuyenzaniso, pashure kuita pamusoro sero Kamudzira masero leukemia, artemisinin anogona kuwedzera intracellular karusiyamu fungidziro nokuchinja permeability yayo sero Kamudzira, izvo kwete chete activates calpain mu leukemia masero, asiwo anokurudzira kusunungurwa apoptotic zvinhu.Kurumidza kumhanyisa maitiro eapoptosis.
3. Immunomodulatory effects Artemisinin ine simba rekugadzirisa pane immune system.Pasi pemamiriro ekuti chipimo che artemisinin uye madhirivhari ayo haakonzeri cytotoxicity, artemisinin inogona kurambidza T lymphocyte mitogen zvakanaka, uye nokudaro inogona kukurudzira kuwedzera kwespleen lymphocytes mumakonzo.Artesunate inogona kuwedzera iyo yakazara inopindirana chiitiko chembeva serum nekusimudzira mhedzisiro yeisina-chaiyo kudzivirirwa.Dihydroartemisinin inogona kurambidza zvakananga kupararira kweB lymphocytes uye kuderedza kuvharidzirwa kweautoantibodies neB lymphocytes, nokudaro ichidzivisa humoral immune response.
4. Antifungal chiito The antifungal chiito che artemisinin chinoratidzwa mukudzivisa kwayo kwefungi.Artemisinin slag upfu uye decoction vane simba inhibitory migumisiro pamusoro Staphylococcus epidermidis, Bacillus anthracis, diphtheria uye catarrhalis, uyewo vane zvimwe zvinokonzerwa Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Shigella, Mycobacterium tuberculosis uye Staphylococcus aureus.Inhibition.
5. Anti-Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia effect Artemisinin inonyanya kuparadza chimiro chePneumocystis carinii membrane system, zvichiita kuti vacuoles mu cytoplasm uye pasuru ye sporozoite trophozoites, mitochondria kuzvimba, kuputika kwenyukireya membrane, kuzvimba kwe endoplasmic reticulum matambudziko, Intracapsular matambudziko akadai se discapsula. ultrastructural shanduko.
6. Anti-pamuviri mhedzisiro Mishonga yeArtemisinin ine yakakwira yakasarudzika huturu kune embryos.Mishonga yakaderera inogona kukonzera kuti mazai afe uye kukonzera kubva pamuviri.Inogona kugadzirwa semishonga yekubvisa pamuviri.
7. Anti-Schistosomiasis Iyo inorwisa-schistosomiasis boka rinoshanda ndiro peroxy bridge, uye maitiro ayo emishonga ndeyekukanganisa shuga metabolism yehonye.
8. Cardiovascular effects Artemisinin inogona kudzivirira zvakanyanya arrhythmia inokonzerwa nekubatanidza kweropa, iyo inogona kunonoka zvakanyanya kutanga kwearrhythmia inokonzerwa ne calcium chloride uye chloroform, uye zvakanyanya kuderedza ventricular fibrillation.
9. Anti-fibrosis Inobatana nekudzivisa kupararira kwefibroblast, kuderedza collagen synthesis, uye anti-histamine-induced collagen decomposition.
10. Zvimwe zvinokonzerwa Dihydroartemisinin ine inhibitory effect paLeishmania donovani uye inoenderana nedosi.Artemisia annua extract inourayawo Trichomonas vaginalis uye lysate amoeba trophozoites.
Nguva yekutumira: Jul-19-2019