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Ngaphezu konyaka, u-Adeola Fowotade uzama ukufumana abantu kuvavanyo lwezonyango lwe-COVID-19. Njengogqirha wezonyango kwisibhedlele saseYunivesithi, e-Ibadan, eNigeria, uye wajoyina umzamo ngo-Agasti ka-2020 wokuvavanya ukusebenza kwe-off- Injongo yakhe kukufumana amavolontiya angama-50 - abantu abafunyaniswa bene-COVID-19 abaneempawu eziphakathi ukuya kwezibi kwaye abanokuzuza kwi-cocktail yeziyobisi. ngoJanuwari nangoFebruwari.Emva kweenyanga ezisibhozo, wayefune abantu abangama-44 kuphela.
"Ezinye izigulane zenqabile ukuthatha inxaxheba kwisifundo xa zisondela, kwaye ezinye zavuma ukuyeka isiqingatha sovavanyo," kusho uFowotade.Emva kokuba inqanaba letyala laqala ukuhla ngo-Matshi, kwakuphantse ukuba akunakwenzeka ukufumana abathathi-nxaxheba.Oko kwenza uvavanyo, lwaziwa, lwaziwa. njenge-NACOVID, kunzima ukuyigqiba.” Asikwazanga ukuhlangabezana nobungakanani besampulu esicetyiweyo,” utshilo. Ulingo lwaphela ngoSeptemba kwaye lwasilela ekufuneni abantu ebebejolise kulo.
Iingxaki zikaFowotade zibonisa iingxaki ezijongene nolunye ulingo e-Afrika - eyona ngxaki inkulu kumazwe elizwekazi angakwaziyo ukufikelela kugonyo olwaneleyo lwe-COVID-19. Ugonywe ngokuyinxenye.Oku kungaphantsi kancinane komndilili kumazwe anengeniso ephantsi.Uqikelelo lucebisa ukuba amazwe ase-Afrika akayi kuba namayeza aneleyo okugonya ngokupheleleyo i-70% yabemi belizwekazi de kube ubuncinane ngoSeptemba wama-2022.
Oku kushiya iindlela ezimbalwa zokulwa ubhubhane ngoku.Nangona unyango olufana ne-monoclonal antibodies okanye ichiza lokuthomalalisa i-remdesivir lisetyenziswe kumazwe atyebileyo angaphandle kwe-Afrika, la machiza kufuneka alawulwe ezibhedlele kwaye axabisa kakhulu. Isigebenga samayeza uMerck uvumile ukuba Ilayisenisi ichiza elisekelwe kwipilisi i-molnupiravir kubavelisi apho linokusetyenziswa khona ngokubanzi, kodwa imibuzo ihleli malunga nokuba liyakuxabisa malini ukuba livunyiwe. umthwalo wezifo kwiinkqubo zokhathalelo lwempilo, kunye nokunciphisa ukufa.
Kumalingo aphantse abe ngama-2,000 avavanya unyango lwamachiza ngoku kwi-COVID-19, bamalunga ne-150 kuphela ababhalisiweyo e-Afrika, uninzi lwabo e-Egypt naseMzantsi Afrika, ngokutsho kwe-clinicaltrials.gov, idatabase eqhutywa yiUnited States. Ukunqongophala kolingo kuyingxaki, utshilo u-Adeniyi Olagunju, usokhemesti kwiYunivesithi yaseLiverpool e-UK kunye nomphandi ophambili we-NACOVID. Ukuba i-Afrika ilahlekile kakhulu kulingo lonyango lwe-COVID-19, amathuba ayo okufumana ichiza elivunyiweyo kunqongophele kakhulu, utshilo. ”Yongeza kubukho obuphantsi kakhulu bamachiza,” utshilo u-Oragonju.
Eminye imibutho izama ukukhawulelana nale ntsilelo.ANTICOV, inkqubo eququzelelwa yi-non-profit Drugs for Neglected Diseases Initiative (DNDi), okwangoku lolonalingo likhulu e-Afrika.Ivavanya iindlela zonyango lwakwangoko lwe-COVID-19 kwizimbini. Olunye uphononongo olubizwa ngokuba yiRepurposing Anti-Infectives for COVID-19 Therapy (ReACT) - eququzelelwa yimibutho engenzi ngeniso iMedicines for Malaria Venture - iya kuvavanya ukhuseleko kunye nokusebenza kokuphinda kusetyenziswe amachiza eMzantsi Afrika. Kodwa imingeni yolawulo, ukusilela. yeziseko ezingundoqo, kunye nobunzima ekufuneni abathathi-nxaxheba bolingo yimiqobo emikhulu kule nzame.
"Kwi-Afrika ephantsi kwe-Sahara, inkqubo yethu yokunakekelwa kwezempilo iye yawa," kusho uSamba Sow, umphandi okhokelayo welizwe kwi-ANTICOV eMali.Oko kwenza izilingo zibe nzima, kodwa ziyimfuneko ngakumbi, ngakumbi ekuchongeni iziyobisi ezinokunceda abantu kwizigaba zokuqala zesifo. kwaye kuthintelwe ukulaliswa esibhedlele. Kuye nakwabanye abaninzi abafunda ngesi sifo, lugqatso lokufa.” Asinakulinda de umguli agule kakhulu,” utshilo.
Ubhubhani we-coronavirus ukhulise uphando lwezonyango kwilizwekazi lase-Afrika. UGqirha wokugonya uDuduzile Ndwandwe ulandelela uphando kunyango lovavanyo e-Cochrane eMzantsi Afrika, inxalenye yombutho wamazwe ngamazwe ophonononga ubungqina bezempilo, kwaye wathi iPan-African Clinical Trials Registry yabhalisa amalingo ezonyango angama-606 ngo-2020. , xa kuthelekiswa nowama-2019 408 (jonga 'Ulingo lwezonyango e-Afrika').Ngo-Agasti walo nyaka, sele ibhalise amalingo angama-271, kubandakanywa ulingo logonyo kunye namachiza.UNdwandwe uthe: “Sibone amalingo amaninzi esandisa umda we-COVID-19.”
Nangona kunjalo, izilingo zonyango lwe-coronavirus zisanqongophala. NgoMatshi ka-2020, uMbutho wezeMpilo weHlabathi (i-WHO) waphehlelela i-Flagship Solidarity Trial, uphononongo lwehlabathi jikelele lonyango olunokubakho lwe-COVID-19. Mabini kuphela amazwe ase-Afrika athathe inxaxheba kwisigaba sokuqala sophononongo. .Umngeni wokunikezela ngokhathalelo lwempilo kwizigulana ezigula kakhulu uthintele amazwe amaninzi ukuba angazibandakanyi, utshilo uQuarisha Abdool Karim, ugqirha wezifo zezifo kwiYunivesithi yaseColumbia kwisiXeko saseNew York, esiseThekwini, eMzantsi Afrika.” Eli lithuba elibalulekileyo eliphosiweyo,” uthe, kodwa imisela inqanaba lolingo olongezelelweyo lonyango lwe-COVID-19. Ngo-Agasti, uMbutho wezeMpilo weHlabathi ubhengeze inqanaba elilandelayo lolingo lomanyano, oluza kuvavanya amanye amachiza amathathu. Amanye amazwe amahlanu ase-Afrika athathe inxaxheba.
Ulingo lwe-NACOVID nguFowotade lujolise ekuvavanyeni unyango oludityanisiweyo kubantu abangama-98 e-Ibadan nakwezinye iindawo ezintathu eNigeria.Abantu kuphononongo banikwa amayeza ee-antiretroviral i-atazanavir kunye ne-ritonavir, kunye nechiza le-antiparasitic elibizwa ngokuba yi-nitazoxanide.Nangona bekujoliswe kuko engadibananga, u-Olagunju uthe iqela lilungiselela umbhalo-ngqangi ukuze upapashwe kwaye unethemba lokuba idatha iya kubonelela ngeembono malunga nokusebenza kwechiza.
Ulingo lwe-South African ReACT, oluxhaswe eSeoul yinkampani yaseMzantsi Korea exuba amayeza i-Shin Poong Pharmaceutical, lujolise ekuvavanyeni iindibaniselwano zamachiza ezine ezisetyenzisiweyo kwakhona: unyango lwe-antimalarial i-artesunate-amodiaquine kunye ne-pyrrolidine-artesunate;I-Favipiravir, ichiza le-antiviral lomkhuhlane elisetyenziswe ngokudityaniswa ne-nitre;kunye ne-sofosbuvir kunye ne-daclatasvir, indibaniselwano ye-antiviral edla ngokusetyenziswa ukunyanga i-hepatitis C.
Ukusebenzisa amachiza abuyiselweyo kunomtsalane kakhulu kubaphandi abaninzi kuba isenokuba yeyona ndlela inokwenzeka yokufumana ngokukhawuleza unyango olunokusasazwa ngokulula.Ukunqongophala kweAfrika kweziseko zophuhliso kuphando lwamachiza, uphuhliso kunye nokuveliswa kuthetha ukuba amazwe akanako ukuvavanya ngokulula iikhompawundi ezintsha kunye namachiza avelisa ngobuninzi. .Loo nzame zibalulekile, utsho uNadia Sam-Agudu, ingcali yezifo ezosulelayo kubantwana kwiYunivesithi yaseMaryland esebenza kwiNigeria Institute of Human Virology eAbuja.” Ukuba olu nyango lusebenza kakuhle, olu nyango lunokuthintela ukugula okunzulu nokulaliswa esibhedlele, kunye nokunyangwa. kunokwenzeka [Yeka] ukuqhubeka nosulelo,” wongeze watsho.
Elona lingo likhulu kwilizwekazi, i-ANTICOV, yaphehlelelwa ngoSeptemba ka-2020 ngethemba lokuba unyango lwakwangoko lunokuthintela i-COVID-19 ekucinezeleni iinkqubo zokhathalelo lwezempilo ezibuthathaka zase-Afrika. I-Faso, iGuinea, iMali, iGhana, iKenya kunye neMozambique.Ijolise ekugqibeleni ithathe abathathi-nxaxheba be-3,000 kumazwe angama-13.
Umsebenzi kumangcwaba eDakar, eSenegal, ngo-Agasti njengeliza lesithathu losulelo lwe-COVID-19 lwafika. Ityala lomfanekiso: John Wessels/AFP/Getty
I-ANTICOV ivavanya ukusebenza kweendlela ezimbini zonyango oludibeneyo oluye lwaba neziphumo ezixubileyo kwenye indawo.Eyokuqala idibanisa i-nitazoxanide kunye ne-ciclesonide ephefumulayo, i-corticosteroid esetyenziselwa ukunyanga i-asthma.Eyesibini idibanisa i-artesunate-amodiaquine kunye ne-antiparasitic drug ivermectin.
Ukusetyenziswa kwe-ivermectin kunyango lwezilwanyana kunye nonyango lwezinye izifo ezingahoywayo zetropiki ebantwini kubangele impikiswano kumazwe amaninzi. idatha exhasa ukusetyenziswa kwayo iyathandabuzeka.EYiphutha, uphononongo olukhulu oluxhasa ukusetyenziswa kwe-ivermectin kwizigulana ze-COVID-19 lwaye lwarhoxiswa ngumncedisi oshicileleyo emva kokuba lupapashiwe phakathi kwezityholo zokunganyaniseki kwedatha kunye nokukopa.(Ababhali bophononongo baphikisa ukuba abapapashi abazange babanike ithuba lokuzikhusela.) Uphononongo olucwangcisiweyo lwamva nje lweCochrane Infectious Diseases Group alufumananga bungqina buxhasa ukusetyenziswa kwe-ivermectin kunyango lwe-COVID-19 (M. Popp et al. Cochrane Database Syst. Rev. 7, CD015017; 2021).
UNathalie Strub-Wourgaft, oqhuba iphulo le-DNDi le-COVID-19, uthe kukho isizathu esivakalayo sokuvavanya ichiza e-Afrika. Yena kunye noogxa bakhe banethemba lokuba linokusebenza njengeyeza lokuchasa ukudumba xa lithathwa kunye neyeza lokulwa nesifo seengcongconi. kufunyaniswe ukuba iyasilela, i-DNDi ikulungele ukuvavanya amanye amachiza.
"Umba we-ivermectin ufakwe kwezopolitiko," utshilo uSalim Abdool Karim, ugqirha wezifo zesifo kunye nomlawuli weZiko loPhando lwe-AIDS eMzantsi Afrika (CAPRISA) elizinze eThekwini. , ngoko licebo elihle.”
Ngokusekelwe kwidatha ekhoyo ukuza kuthi ga ngoku, indibaniselwano ye-nitazoxanide kunye ne-ciclesonide ibonakala ithembisa, uStrub-Wourgaft uthe. -Wourgaft uthe i-ANTICOV ilungiselela ukuvavanya ingalo entsha kwaye iya kuqhubeka isebenzisa iingalo ezimbini ezikhoyo zonyango.
Ukuqalisa ulingo kwaba ngumceli mngeni, nakwi-DNDi enamava omsebenzi abanzi kwilizwekazi lase-Afrika.Imvume yolawulo yeyona nto ingumqobo, utshilo u-Strub-Wourgaft.Ngoko ke, i-ANTICOV, ngokubambisana ne-WHO's African Vaccine Regulatory Forum (AVAREF), yaseka imeko kaxakeka. inkqubo yokuqhuba uphononongo oludibeneyo lwezifundo zeklinikhi kumazwe e-13. Oku kunokukhawuleza ukuvunywa kokulawulwa kunye nokuziphatha. "Isivumela ukuba sidibanise amazwe, abalawuli kunye namalungu ebhodi yokuhlaziya ukuziphatha," kusho uStrub-Wourgaft.
U-Nick White, ingcali yezamayeza etropikhi engusihlalo we-COVID-19 Clinical Research Consortium, intsebenziswano yamazwe aphesheya ukufumana izisombululo kwi-COVID-19 kumazwe anengeniso ephantsi, uthe ngelixa inyathelo le-WHO lilungile, Kodwa kusathatha ixesha elide ukufumana imvume. , kunye nophando kumazwe anengeniso ephantsi kunye nephakathi lungcono kunophando kumazwe atyebileyo.Izizathu ziquka ulawulo olungqongqo olulawulayo kula mazwe, kunye namagunya angekho kakuhle ekuqhubeni ukuhlolwa kokuziphatha kunye nokulawula.Oko kufuneka kutshintshe, uMhlophe "Ukuba amazwe afuna ukufumana izisombululo kwi-COVID-19, kufuneka ancede abaphandi bawo benze uphando oluyimfuneko, angabathinteli."
Kodwa imiceli mngeni ayipheleli apho. Nje ukuba ityala liqalise, ukunqongophala kwezinto zokusebenza kunye nombane kunokuthintela inkqubela phambili, utshilo uFowotade. Ugcine iisampulu ze-COVID-19 kwisikhenkcisi esingu-20 °C ngexesha lokucima kombane kwisibhedlele sase-Ibadan. kufuneka kwakhona ukuthutha iisampulu kwiziko le-Ed, umgama weeyure ezimbini zokuhamba, ukuya kuhlalutya.
U-Olagunju wongeze ukuba xa amanye amazwe eyeka ukuxhasa ngemali amaziko okubekwa yedwa e-COVID-19 kwizibhedlele zawo, ukugaya abathathi-nxaxheba kulingo kuye kwaba nzima ngakumbi. Ngaphandle kwezi zixhobo, zizigulane ezikwaziyo ukuhlawula kuphela zamkelwayo. intlawulo yenkxaso-mali amaziko abekwe yedwa kunye nonyango.Akukho mntu ebelindele ukuba aphazanyiswe,” utshilo u-Olagunju.
Nangona inezixhobo ezifanelekileyo, iNigeria ngokucacileyo ayithathi nxaxheba kwi-ANTICOV. ”Wonke umntu uyaluphepha ulingo lwezonyango eNigeria kuba asinalo umbutho,” utshilo u-Oyewale Tomori, ugqirha wentsholongwane egazini kunye nosihlalo we-COVID-19 yoMphathiswa waseNigeria. IKomiti yeeNgcali, esebenzela ukuchonga amacebo asebenzayo kunye neendlela ezingcono zokujongana ne-COVID-19.
UBabatunde Salako, umlawuli weZiko laseNigeria loPhando lwezoNyango eLagos, akavumelani.USalako uthe iNigeria inolwazi lokuqhuba iimvavanyo zeklinikhi, kunye nokuqashwa kwesibhedlele kunye nekomiti yokuhlola imigaqo yokuziphatha elungelelanisa ukuvunywa kwezilingo zeklinikhi eNigeria. imiqathango yeziseko ezingundoqo, ewe, inokuba buthathaka;isenokuxhasa ulingo lwezonyango,” utshilo.
UNdwandwe ufuna ukukhuthaza abaphandi abaninzi baseAfrika ukuba bajoyine ulingo lwezonyango ukuze abemi bakhona babe nokufikelela ngokulinganayo kunyango oluthembisayo.Ulingo lwasekuhlaleni lunokunceda abaphandi bachonge unyango olusebenzayo.Banokujongana neemfuno ezithile kwiindawo ezinobuncwane obuphantsi kwaye bancede ukuphucula iziphumo zempilo, utsho uHellen Mnjalla. , Umphathi wezilingo zeklinikhi kwiNkqubo yoPhando lweWellcome Trust kwiKenya Institute of Medical Research eKilifi.
“I-COVID-19 sisifo esosulelayo esitsha, ngoko ke sifuna ulingo lwezonyango ukuqonda ukuba olu ngenelelo luza kusebenza njani kubemi baseAfrika,” wongeze watsho uNdwandwe.
USalim Abdul Karim unethemba lokuba le ngxaki iza kukhuthaza oosonzululwazi base-Afrika bakhe phezu kwezinye zeziseko zophando ezakhelwe ukulwa ubhubhane we-HIV/AIDS.”Amanye amazwe afana neKenya, i-Uganda noMzantsi Afrika aneziseko ezingundoqo eziphuhliswe kakhulu.Kodwa kwezinye iindawo ayiphuhliswanga,” utshilo.
Ukuqinisa amalingo onyango lwe-COVID-19 e-Afrika, uSalim Abdool Karim ucebisa ukuyilwa kwe-arhente efana ne-Consortium yoLwango lwezonyango lwe-COVID-19 Vaccines (CONCVACT; eyenziwe ngamaZiko e-Afrika oLawulo lweSifo kunye noThintelo ngoJulayi ka-2020) ukulungelelanisa unyango kwilizwekazi liphela. IManyano ye-Afrika - iqumrhu lelizwekazi elimele amazwe angamalungu angama-55 ase-Afrika - libekwe kakuhle ukuba lithwale olu xanduva. utshilo uSalim Abdul Karim.
Ubhubhani we-COVID-19 unokoyiswa kuphela ngentsebenziswano yamazwe ngamazwe kunye nobudlelwane obufanelekileyo, utshilo uSow.
11/10/2021 Ingcaciso: Inguqulelo yangaphambili yeli nqaku ichaze ukuba inkqubo ye-ANTICOV yayiqhutywa yi-DNDI.Enyanisweni, i-DNDi iququzelela i-ANTICOV, eqhutywa ngamaqabane angama-26.
Ixesha lokuposa: Apr-07-2022