Ubushushu obugqithisileyo buyingozi kumntu wonke, ingakumbi abantu abadala nabakhubazekileyo, kunye nabo bahlala kumakhaya abantu abalupheleyo. Ngexesha lobushushu obugqithiseleyo, xa amaqondo obushushu aphezulu ngokungaqhelekanga eqhubeka ngaphezu kweentsuku ezimbalwa, kunokuba yingozi. Phantse abantu abangakumbi abangama-2,000 bafa ngexesha elishushu eli-10- kuMzantsi-mpuma weNgilani ngo-Agasti ka-2003. Abo banomngcipheko omkhulu wokufa ngabo basemakhaya abongikazi. Uvavanyo lomngcipheko wokutshintsha kwemozulu lukaRhulumente wase-UK lwamva nje lucebisa ukuba ihlobo elingaphambili liza kuba shushu ngakumbi.
Eli phepha lenyaniso lisebenzisa iinkcukacha zeprogram ye-Heatwave.Yakha kumava ethu eNgilani kunye neengcebiso zeengcali ezivela kwi-World Health Organization (WHO) kunye neprojekthi ye-EuroHEAT ekuphuhliseni izicwangciso ze-heatwave kwamanye amazwe.Yinxalenye yesicwangciso sesizwe sokunciphisa iingozi zempilo ngokucebisa abantu phambi kokuba kubekho amaza obushushu.
Kufuneka ulifunde eli nqaku ukuba usebenza okanye ulawula ikhaya labalupheleyo kuba abantu balapho basengozini enkulu ngexesha lobushushu.Kucetyiswa ngamandla ukuba wenze amalungiselelo kweli phepha lenyaniso ngaphambi kokulindela ubushushu.Iziphumo zobushushu obuphezulu ziyakhawuleza. kwaye amalungiselelo asebenzayo kufuneka enziwe ekuqaleni kukaJuni. Olu xwebhu lweenkcukacha luchaza iindima noxanduva olufunekayo kwinqanaba ngalinye.
Xa iqondo lobushushu kwindawo elingqongileyo liphezulu kunobushushu bolusu, ekuphela kwendlela yokuphelisa ubushushu esebenzayo kukubila.Ngoko ke, nantoni na enciphisa umphumo wokubila, njengokuphelelwa ngamanzi emzimbeni, ukungabikho kwempepho, impahla ebambekayo, okanye amayeza athile, kunokubangela ukuba umzimba uphelelwe ngamandla. Ukugqithisa.Ukongezelela, i-thermoregulation elawulwa yi-hypothalamus inokukhubazeka kubantu abadala kunye nabantu abanezifo ezingapheliyo, kwaye inokuphazamiseka kubantu abasebenzisa amayeza athile, okwenza umzimba ulungele ukutshisa. mhlawumbi ngenxa yamadlala okubila ambalwa, kodwa nangenxa yokuhlala wedwa kwaye usemngciphekweni wokuzihlukanisa nabantu.
Oyena nobangela wokugula nokufa ngexesha lobushushu zizifo zokuphefumla kunye ne-cardiovascular.Ubudlelwane bomgca phakathi kobushushu kunye nokufa kweveki kwabonwa eNgilani ehlotyeni lika-2006, kunye nokufa okuqikelelwa ukuba ngama-75 eyongezelelweyo ngeveki ukunyuka kweqondo ngalinye kwiqondo lokushisa. isizathu sokunyuka kwamazinga okufa kunokuba kungcoliseko lomoya, okwenza ukuba iimpawu zokuphefumula zibe zibi nakakhulu.Enye into ebalulekileyo yimpembelelo yokushisa kwi-cardiovascular system.Ukugcina upholile, igazi elininzi elongezelelweyo lijikeleza eluswini.Oku kunokugxininisa intliziyo, kunye nabantu abadala kunye nabantu abaneengxaki zempilo zexesha elide, kunokwanela ukuqalisa isiganeko senhliziyo.
Ukujuluka kunye nokuphelelwa ngamanzi emzimbeni kunokuchaphazela ukulinganisela kwe-electrolyte.Kunokuba yingozi kubantu abasebenzisa amayeza alawula ibhalansi ye-electrolyte okanye umsebenzi wentliziyo.Amayeza achaphazela ukukwazi ukubila, ukulawula ukushisa komzimba, okanye ukungalingani kwe-electrolyte kunokwenza umntu afumane ukushisa. Amachiza anjalo aquka i-anticholinergics, i-vasoconstrictors, i-antihistamines, iziyobisi ezinciphisa ukusebenza kwezintso, i-diuretics, i-psychoactive drug, kunye neziyobisi ezinciphisa uxinzelelo lwegazi.
Kukho nobungqina bokuba ubushushu obuphezulu be-ambient kunye nokuphelelwa ngamanzi emzimbeni okuhambelana nokunyuka kwegazi okubangelwa yi-bacteria ye-Gram-negative, ngakumbi i-Escherichia coli.Abantu abangaphezu kweminyaka engama-65 basengozini enkulu, begxininisa ukubaluleka kokuqinisekisa ukuba abantu abadala abadala badla ulwelo olwaneleyo ngexesha lobushushu obufudumeleyo. ukunciphisa umngcipheko wosulelo.
Izifo ezinxulumene nobushushu zichaza imiphumo yokushisa komzimba, enokubulala ngendlela yokushisa.
Kungakhathaliseki ukuba yintoni imbangela ebangela iimpawu ezinxulumene nobushushu, unyango luhlala lufana-susa isigulane kwindawo epholileyo kwaye uvumele ukuba ziphole.
Ezona zizathu ziphambili zokugula kunye nokufa ngexesha lobushushu zizifo zokuphefumla kunye nentliziyo. Ukongeza, kukho izigulo ezithile ezinxulumene nobushushu, kubandakanya:
I-Heatstroke-inokuba yindawo yokungabuyi, iindlela zokulawula ukushisa komzimba zisilele kwaye zibangele imeko engxamisekileyo yezonyango, eneempawu ezifana nezi:
I-Heatwave Plan ichaza inkqubo yokujonga impilo yobushushu ehamba eNgilani ukusuka ngomhla woku-1 kuJuni ukuya kowe-15 kuSeptemba ngonyaka ngamnye.Ngeli xesha, i-Bureau of Meteorology inokuqikelela amaza obushushu, ngokuxhomekeke kuqikelelo lwamaqondo obushushu emini nasebusuku kunye nobude bawo.
Inkqubo yokuhlola impilo ye-thermal iquka amanqanaba aphezulu e-5 (amanqanaba 0 ukuya kwi-4) .Inqanaba le-0 liyisicwangciso sexesha elide lonyaka ukuthatha isenzo esithatha ixesha elide lokunciphisa ingozi yempilo xa kwenzeka ukushisa okukhulu.Amanqanaba 1 ukuya kwi-3 asekelwe Iqondo lobushushu emini nasebusuku lichazwa yiBureau of Meteorology. Oku kohluka ngokwengingqi, kodwa umyinge wobushushu obuphakathi bungama-30°C emini kunye ne-15ºC ebusuku. iimeko zemozulu.Iinkcukacha zemigangatho yeqondo lokushisa kwingingqi nganye zinikwe kwiSihlomelo 1 seSicwangciso soMaza obushushu.
Ukucwangciswa kwexesha elide kubandakanya umsebenzi odibeneyo unyaka wonke ukunciphisa impembelelo yokutshintsha kwemozulu kunye nokuqinisekisa ukulungelelaniswa okuphezulu ukunciphisa umonakalo ovela kwi-heatwaves.Oku kubandakanya ukuphembelela ukucwangciswa kwedolophu ukugcina izindlu, iindawo zokusebenza, iinkqubo zokuthutha kunye nokwakhiwa kwendawo epholileyo kunye namandla asebenzayo.
Ngexesha lasehlotyeni, iinkonzo zentlalo kunye nempilo kufuneka ziqinisekise ukuqonda kunye nokulungelelaniswa kweemeko kugcinwa ngokuphunyezwa kwamanyathelo achazwe kwisicwangciso sobushushu bokufudumala.
Oku kuqalwa xa i-Bureau of Meteorology iqikelela i-60% ithuba lokuba amaqondo obushushu aya kuba phezulu ngokwaneleyo ukuba abe nempembelelo enkulu kwimpilo ubuncinane iintsuku ezi-2 ezilandelelanayo. Oku kudla ngokwenzeka kwiintsuku ezi-2 ukuya kwezi-3 ngaphambi kwesiganeko esilindelekileyo.Ngokufa kukhula ngokukhawuleza emva kokufudumala amaqondo obushushu, kunye nokufa okuninzi kwiintsuku zokuqala ezi-2, esi sisigaba esibalulekileyo ekuqinisekiseni ukulungiswa kunye nesenzo esikhawulezayo sokunciphisa umonakalo ovela kwi-heat wave.
Oku kuqalwa xa i-Bureau of Meteorology iqinisekisa ukuba nayiphi na imimandla enye okanye ngaphezulu ifikelele kwiqondo lobushushu.
Oku kuphunyezwa xa i-heatwave inzima kakhulu kwaye / okanye ixesha elide kangangokuba impembelelo yalo idlulela ngaphaya kokhathalelo lwempilo kunye noluntu. i-Ofisi yeKhabhinethi yeeMpendulo zoLuntu (i-Ofisi yeKhabhinethi).
Ukuphuculwa kokusingqongileyo kwenziwa ukubonelela ngendawo ekhuselekileyo kubathengi xa kukho ubushushu bokushisa.
Lungisa izicwangciso zokuqhubekeka kweshishini kwiziganeko zamaza obushushu (umzekelo, ukugcinwa kweziyobisi, ukubuyiswa kwekhompyutha).
Sebenza kunye namaqabane kunye nabasebenzi ukwazisa abantu ngeempembelelo zobushushu obugqithisileyo kunye nokunciphisa ulwazi ngomngcipheko.
Jonga ukuba ungazikhuphisa na iifestile, kungcono usebenzise iikhethini ezineentsimbi ezikhanyayo kuneentsimbi ezingaboniyo kunye neekhethini ezinemigca emnyama, nto leyo enokwenza izinto zibe mbi kakhulu – ukuba zifakelwe, khangela ukuba ziyakwazi ukunyuswa na.
Yongeza umthunzi wangaphandle ngendlela yezivalo, umthunzi, imithi, okanye izityalo ezinamagqabi;ipeyinti ebonakalisayo inokunceda ukugcina izakhiwo zipholile.Ukwandisa uhlaza lwangaphandle, ngakumbi kwiindawo eziphathekayo, njengoko kwandisa umthamo wokufuma kunye nokusebenza njenge-conditioner yendalo yokunceda ekupholiseni.
Iindonga ze-Cavity kunye nokugqunyelelwa kwe-attic kunceda ukugcina izakhiwo zifudumele ebusika kwaye zipholile ehlotyeni - qhagamshelana negosa likarhulumente wakho wokonga umbane okanye inkampani yakho yamandla ukufumanisa ukuba zeziphi izibonelelo ezikhoyo.
Yakha amagumbi apholileyo okanye iindawo ezipholileyo.Abantu abasemngciphekweni omkhulu abachatshazelwa kukutshiswa ngumzimba bakufumanisa kunzima ukuzipholisa ngokufanelekileyo xa iqondo lobushushu linyuka ngaphezu kwe-26°C. Ngoko ke, ikhaya ngalinye lokunyamekela abalupheleyo, elokuhlalisa abantu abalupheleyo kufuneka likwazi ukunika igumbi okanye indawo yokuhlala. indawo egcinwayo okanye ngaphantsi kwe 26°C.
Iindawo ezipholileyo zinokuphuhliswa ngokusebenzisa i-shading efanelekileyo yangaphakathi nangaphandle, ukungena komoya, ukusetyenziswa kwezityalo zangaphakathi nangaphandle, kunye ne-air conditioning xa kuyimfuneko.
Qinisekisa ukuba abasebenzi bayazi ukuba ngawaphi amagumbi alula ukuwagcina epholile kwaye ngawaphi awona anzima, kwaye ujonge ukuhanjiswa kwendawo ngokwamaqela asemngciphekweni kakhulu.
I-thermometers yangaphakathi kufuneka ifakwe kwigumbi ngalinye (amagumbi okulala kunye neendawo zokuhlala kunye neendawo zokudlela) apho abantu abasengozini bachitha ixesha elininzi - ukushisa kwangaphakathi kufuneka kubekwe iliso rhoqo ngexesha lokufudumala kwamaza.
Ukuba amaqondo obushushu angaphantsi kwe-35ºC, ifeni yombane inokunika isiqabu (qaphela, sebenzisa ifeni: kumaqondo obushushu angaphezu kwe-35ºC, ifeni ayinakukuthintela izifo ezinxulumene nobushushu. Ukongeza, iifeni zinokubangela ukuphelelwa ngamanzi emzimbeni ngokugqithisileyo; kucetyiswa ukuba kubekwe iifeni kwindawo efanelekileyo Yigcine kude nabantu, ungayijongi ngqo emzimbeni kwaye usele amanzi rhoqo - oku kubaluleke ngakumbi kwizigulane ezilele ebhedini).
Qinisekisa ukuba izicwangciso zokuqhubekeka kweshishini zikhona kwaye ziphunyezwe njengoko kufuneka (kufuneka babe nabasebenzi aboneleyo ukuze bathathe amanyathelo afanelekileyo kwimeko yamaza obushushu).
Nika idilesi ye-imeyile kwigunya lendawo okanye igosa lokucwangcisa likaxakeka le-NHS ukuququzelela ukuhanjiswa kolwazi olungxamisekileyo.
Khangela ukuba amanzi kunye nomkhenkce zifumaneka ngokubanzi-qiniseka ukuba unokunikezelwa kweetyuwa zokubuyisela ngomlomo, ijusi ye-orange, kunye neebhanana ukunceda ukugcina ibhalansi ye-electrolyte kwizigulane ze-diuretic.
Ngokubonisana nabahlali, cwangcisa ukulungelelanisa iimenyu ukulungiselela ukutya okubandayo (ngokukhethekileyo ukutya okunomthamo omkhulu wamanzi, njengeziqhamo kunye neesaladi).
Qinisekisa ukuba uyazi ukuba ngoobani abasemngciphekweni omkhulu (jonga amaqela asemngciphekweni oPhezulu) – ukuba akuqinisekanga, buza umboneleli wakho ongundoqo kwaye uyibhale kwisicwangciso sakhe sokhathalelo lomntu.
Qinisekisa ukuba uneeprothokholi endaweni yokubeka iliso abona bahlali basemngciphekweni kwaye unikeze ngononophelo olongezelelweyo kunye nenkxaso (ifuna iliso lobushushu begumbi, ubushushu, i-pulse, uxinzelelo lwegazi, kunye nokuphelelwa ngamanzi emzimbeni).
Buza i-GP yabahlali abasemngciphekweni malunga notshintsho olunokwenzeka kunyango okanye amayeza ngexesha lobushushu, kwaye uphonononge ukusetyenziswa kwabahlali kwamayeza amaninzi.
Ukuba amaqondo obushushu angaphezulu kwe-26ºC, amaqela asemngciphekweni omkhulu kufuneka afuduselwe kwindawo epholileyo eyi-26ºC okanye ngaphantsi- kwizigulana ezingashukumiyo okanye ezinokuthi ziphazamiseke kakhulu, thatha amanyathelo okuzipholisa (umz., izinto ezilulwelo, izisuli ezibandayo) kwaye ukwandisa ukubeka iliso.
Bonke abahlali bayacetyiswa ukuba badibane nogqirha wabo malunga notshintsho olunokwenzeka kunyango kunye/okanye namayeza;cinga ngokumisela iityuwa zokubuyisela amanzi emzimbeni kwabo bathatha iidosi eziphezulu ze diuretics.
Hlola ubushushu begumbi rhoqo ngexesha elitshisa kakhulu kuzo zonke iindawo apho isigulane sihlala khona.
Qalisa izicwangciso zokugcina ukuqhubeka kweshishini - kubandakanywa ukunyuka okunokwenzeka kwemfuno yeenkonzo.
Ukwandisa umthunzi wangaphandle - ukutshiza amanzi kwimigangatho yangaphandle kuya kunceda ukupholisa umoya (ukuphepha ukudala ingozi ye-slip, khangela izithintelo zamanzi zembalela zendawo ngaphambi kokusebenzisa i-hoses).
Vula iifestile ngokukhawuleza ukuba iqondo lobushushu ngaphandle lehla ngaphantsi kweqondo lokushisa ngaphakathi - oku kunokuba sebusuku kakhulu okanye kusasa.
Khubaza abahlali ekusebenzeni ngokomzimba kunye nokuphuma ngexesha elishushu kakhulu emini (11am ukuya kwi-3pm).
Jonga ubushushu begumbi ngamaxesha athile ngexesha elishushu kakhulu kuzo zonke iindawo apho isigulane sihlala khona.
Thatha ithuba lobushushu obupholileyo basebusuku ngokupholisa isakhiwo ngokusebenzisa umoya.Nciphisa ubushushu bangaphakathi ngokucima izibane ezingeyomfuneko kunye nezixhobo zombane.
Cinga ngokuhambisa iiyure zokutyelela ekuseni nangokuhlwa ukunciphisa ubushushu basemva kwemini ngenxa yezihlwele ezikhulu.
Ixesha lokuposa: May-27-2022