Chloramphenicol Sodium Succinatengumgubo omhlophe okanye omthubi-mhlophe wehygroscopic.I-1.4 g ye-monograph substance iphantse ilingane ne-1 g ye-chloramphenicol.
Ukhuseleko
I-Chtoramphenicot i-contra-iboniswe kwizigulane ezinembali ye-hypersensitivity okanye impendulo enetyhefu kwiyeza.Akufuneki ukuba inikwe inkqubo yenkqubo yosulelo oluncinci okanye iprophylaxis.Ulawulo oluhambelanayo lwechtoramphenicot namanye amachiza afanele ukudakumba umngcwabo womongo kufuneka iphetshwe.Ukuvalwa okuncitshisiweyo kufuneka kunikwe izigulane ezinokukhubazeka kwesibindi.I-Chloramphemcol inokuphazamisana nophuhliso lwamajoni omzimba kwaye akufanelekanga ukuba inikwe ngexesha logonyo olusebenzayo.
Ukusebenzisana
I-Chloramphenicol yenziwe esibindini kwaye, ngoko ke, inokuthi idibane neziyobisi ezixutywe nge-hepatic microsomal enzymes.Ngokomzekelo, i-chloramphenicol iphucula iziphumo ze-coumarm anticoagulants ezifana ne-dicoumarol kunye ne-warfarin sodium, enye i-hypoglycemic efana ne-chlorpropamide kunye ne-tolbutamide, kunye ne-antiepiteptics efana ne-phenytoin, kwaye inokunciphisa imetabolism ye-cuctophosphamufe kwifom esebenzayo.Ngokuchaseneyo ne-metabolism ye-chloramphemcol inokongezwa yi-mducers ye-hepatic enzymes ezifana ne-phenobarbitone okanye i-nfampicin.Iziphumo eziphikisanayo zichazwe ngeparacetamol kunye nephenytoin.I-Chloramphenicol inokunciphisa iziphumo ze-iron kunye ne-vitamin Bi2 kwizigulane ezine-anemia kunye nokuphazamisa isenzo sezithinteli ezithathwa ngomlomo.
Isenzo seAntimicrobial
I-Chloramphe.nicol yi-g bacteriostatic antibiotic witi spectrum of action against both Gram-posi-tive and Gram-negative bacteria, kwakunye nezinye izinto eziphilayo.
Usetyenziso kunye noLawulo
V Uxanduva, lwekloranphenicol kwiziphumo ezibi ezisongela ubomi, ngakumbi i-bone-mar-row aplasia,.iye yanciphisa kakhulu ukusetyenziswa kwayo kwezonyango, nangona isasetyenziswa ngokubanzi kwamanye amazwe.Akufunekanga ibe yi-giyen ngokwenkqubo, kuba usulelo oluncinci kunye nokubalwa kwegazi rhoqo kuyacetyiswa ngexesha lonyango.Isizukulwana sesithathu se-cephalosporins ngoku sithandwa kwizinto ezininzi zangaphambili ze-chlorampheniclo.Ngenxa yoko, kukho iimpawu ezimbalwa ezicacileyo zokusetyenziswa kwe-chloramphenicol.Isetyenziswe kwi-typhoid enzima kunye nezinye izifo ze-salmonella, nangona ayiphelisi urhulumente ofumanayo.I-Chloramphenicol yenye indawo ye-cephalosporin yesizukulwana sesithathu kunyango lwe-meningitis yebhaktiriya, zombini ngokweepirical kunye nakwizinto ezinovakalelo ezifana ne-Haemophtlus tnfluenzae.Isetyenziswe kunyango lwezifo ezinzima ze-anaerobic, i-patrically kwi-brain abscesses, kunye nezifo ezingaphantsi kwe-diaphragm apho i-Bacteroides fragitis idla ngokubandakanyeka;nangona kunjalo, amanye amachiza adla ngokukhethwa.Nangona ii-tetracyclines zihlala zilunyango olukhethwayo kusulelo lwe-rickettsial olufana netyphus kunye ne-s,potted fevers, i-chforamphenicol ikwasetyenziswa njengenye indlela apho i-tetracyclines, ayinakunikwa.
Olunye usulelo lwebhaktiriya apho i-chloramphenicol inokuthi isetyenziswe njengenye indlela kwamanye amachiza aquka i-anthrax, usulelo oluqatha lwe-Campylobacter fetus, i-ehrlichiosis, i-gastro-ententis enzima, i-gas gangrene, i-granuloma inguinale, usulelo olubi lwe-Haemophitus influenzae ngaphandle kwe-meningitis (umzekelo i-epiglottitis), i-listeriosis, i-metioidosis enzima, isibetho (ingakumbi xa kuvela i-meningitis), i-psittacosis, i-tularaemia (ingakumbi[y xa kukrokrelwa i-meningitis), kunye nesifo sikaWhipple.Kuba, iinkcukacha zezi usulelo kunye nonyango lwabo..
I-Chioramphenicol isetyenziswa kakhulu kunyango lwe-topical, yendlebe kwaye, ngokukodwa, izifo zamehlo, nangona ezininzi zezi zincinci kunye nokuzikhawulela.Ikwasetyenziswa ngokwezihloko m unyango losulelo skm.Iidosi zibonakaliswa m ngokwemigaqo yesiseko se-chloramphenicol kwaye ziyafana nokuba zilawulwa ngomlomo okanye ngomthambo.Kubantu abadala kunye nabantwana, idosi eqhelekileyo yi-5O mg ngekhilogram yobunzima bomzimba yonke imihla kwiidosi ezahluliweyo rhoqo kwiiyure ze-6;ukuya kuthi ga kwi-100 mg ngekhilogram nganye imihla ngemihla banokunikwa i-m meningitis okanye usulelo oluqatha ngenxa yezinto eziphilayo ezixhathisayo, nangona la mayeza aphezulu kufuneka athotywe ngokukhawuleza.Ukunciphisa i-nsk yokuphinda kunconywe ukuba unyango kufuneka luqhutywe emva kokuba ubushushu besigulane bubuyele kwisiqhelo kwiintsuku ezi-4 ezingaphezulu zezifo ze-nckettsial kunye neentsuku ezi-8 ukuya kwezi-10 kwi-lever ye-typhoid.
Apho kungekho enye indlela yokusetyenziswa kwe-çhloramphenicol, ngaphambi kwexesha kunye ne-tern epheleleyo, abantwana abasandul 'ukuzalwa banokunikwa iidosi zemihla ngemihla ze-25 mg ngekhilogram yobunzima bomzimba kunye neentsana ezipheleleyo ezingaphezulu kweminyaka yeeveki ezi-2, zinikwe ukuya kuthi ga kwi-50 mg. ngekhilogram nganye yonke imihla, iidosi ezi-4 ezahlulwe: Ukunyuka kokugxilwa kweplasma kubalulekile, ukuphepha ubuthi.
Kwizigulane ezinokukhubazeka kokusebenza kwe-he.patic okanye i-inipainnent ebukhali yezintso umthamo we-chloramphenicol unokufuna ukuchithwa ngenxa yokuncipha kwe-cimelabolism okanye ukukhutshelwa.
Kunyango lwe-eye mfections i-chloramphenicol idla ngokusetyenziswa njengesisombululo se-0.5% okanye njenge-1%.
Imiphumo emibi
I-Chloramphemcol inokubangela iziphumo ezibi kwaye ngamanye amaxesha ezibulalayo.Eminye yetyhefu yayo icingelwa ukuba ibangelwa yimpembelelo kwi-mitochondnal protein synthesis.Isiphumo esibi kakhulu se-senous se-chloramphemcol kukudandatheka komongo wethambo, onokuthi uthathe iifom ezi-2 ezahlukeneyo.Eyokuqala ludakumba oluqhelekileyo olunxulumene nedosi enokujikwa umva olwenzeka ngokuqhelekileyo xa ugxininiso lweplasma-chloramphenicol lungaphezu kwe-25 ug permL kwaye luphawulwa ngeechapges ze-morphological m umongo wethambo, ukuncipha kokusetyenziswa kwentsimbi, i-reticulocylopenia anemia, i-leukopenia kunye ne-thrombocytopenia.Esi siphumo sinokubangelwa kukuthintelwa kwe-protein synthesis kwi-mitochomária yeeseli zomongo wamathambo., Ukusabela kwe-Hypersensitivity mctuding rashes, fever, kunye ne-angioedema kungenzeka ngakumbi emva kokusetyenziswa kwe-topical;I-anaphylaxis yenzekile kodwa inqabile, ukusabela okufana no-Jansch-Herxheimer nako kunokwenzeka.Iimpawu zesisu eziquka isicaphucaphu, ukugabha, kunye norhudo kunokulandela ulawulo lomlomo.Ukuphazamiseka kwezityalo zomlomo kunye namathumbu, kunokubangela i-stomatitis, i-glossitis, kunye ne-rectal irntation, izigulane zinokufumana incasa ekrakra emva kokulawulwa ngokukhawuleza kwe-intravenous ye-chloramphenicot sodium succinate.
Ukugqithisa ngokweqile
I-Charcoal haemoperfusion yafunyaniswa iphezulu kakhulu kunokutshintshiselana ngotofelo-gazi kwi-remval ye-chloramphenicol ifomu legazi, nangona i-mot ithintele ukufa ma-mfant oneveki ezi-7 kunye nesifo sosana olungwevu kulandela impazamo yecrosage.
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